Table 2.

Behavioral assessment.

Behavioral Tasks	Description
Spanish version of the Kaufman Brief Intelligence Test (KBIT) as a measure of verbal and non-verbal intelligence [34]	The verbal intelligence subtest is divided into two parts. The first part is a picture-naming test comprising 45 different items. The second part consists of 37 riddles, in which participants have to guess missing letters to reveal a hidden word. The non-verbal subtest measures the ability to solve new problems, detect relationships, and complete visual analogies.
Spanish version of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) as a measure of general cognitive status [33]	The MMSE is a 30-point screening test for evaluating cognitive impairments (30–27: normal; 26–25: possible cognitive impairments; 24–10: mild cognitive impairments; 9–0: moderate to severe cognitive impairments). It comprises different sections which assess spatiotemporal orientation, visuospatial attention, and language function.
Picture-Naming Test (BEST) as a measure of language production [35]	BEST is divided into two parts. The first part is a 65-picture naming test to be completed by participants in the two languages (i.e., Spanish and Basque). The second part is a short semi-structured interview guided by a multilingual linguist with experience in assessing language proficiency, who rates the participant’s skills in each language.