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. 2021 May 26;18(11):5696. doi: 10.3390/ijerph18115696

Table 1.

Summary of Key Elements in the Horizontal Expansion.

Stakeholders Resources or Information Desired Outcome Remaining Gaps
  • Include multiple stakeholder groups from government, private sector, OSH professions, labor and employers

  • Consider how we communicate results to stakeholders at each level, varying content and style as appropriate Place special emphasis on communicating results to workers, especially younger workers, new workers, and the unemployed

  • Establish mutual understanding of connections between non-OSH and traditional OSH researchers

  • Identify pathways to combine methods—interprofessional and transdisciplinary

  • Incorporate behavioral methods at beginning of study

  • Go beyond studying workers only in the workplace

  • Better integrate environmental variables

  • Look for high-quality big data

  • Conduct research today that is relevant for 5–10 years

  • Conduct research that contributes to changes in policy, implementation, and behaviors

  • Improve existing OSH systems by modifying variables to reflect societal perspective (e.g., sex/gender, race/ethnicity)

  • Design studies to better follow workers across jobs and life course

  • Expand OSH concepts (e.g., role of power dynamics or equity/justice in shaping change)

  • Optimize shared benefits of worker and organizational well-being

  • Refine the framework for OSH—what is included? What is not included?

  • Design research studies that include translation and marketing plans from their inception

  • Seamlessly connect data between work and other life domains

  • Incorporate variables related to wages, productivity measures, leave and benefits policies, nonstandard work arrangements

  • Collaborate with smaller employers and stakeholder groups

  • Incorporate life course approach to OSH research, including cumulative risk assessment, participatory and qualitative methods, and impact evaluation

  • Shorten the lag time between study design and implementation

  • Design studies that are more generalizable, adoptable, adaptable, and sustainable, even in the face of uncertainty

  • Increase understanding and inclusion of nonstandard workplace (e.g., temporary work, gig or platform work, informal work, multiple jobs, etc.)

  • Move beyond randomized controlled trials (RCTs) to include other approaches (e.g., natural/observational studies and analyses of archival data)

  • Find most effective ways to leverage intermediate outcomes to demonstrate progressive change

  • Explore the inputs/antecedents that result in the creation of ‘bad jobs’ and the changes that are needed to improve employment and organizational models

  • Build capacity to conduct shorter-term research that provides real-time insights to the rapid changes we see daily

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