Table 1.
Characteristics of included studies.
| First Author, Year, Country | Study Design | Sample Size; Age Group; Cancer Type(s) |
Intervention Group | Control Group | PA/SB Outcome | Other Outcome |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cadmus-Bertram, 2019, United States [42] | 12 weeks RCT (Pilot) |
Baseline: n = 50 Analyzed: n = 47; Adults/older adults; Breast, colorectal |
mHealth: Activity tracker non-mHealth component: Printed material, in-person session, social support, email-based coaching and electronic health record linked to an activity tracker |
Printed material and email | PA | Weight |
| Cheong, 2018, Republic of Korea [59] | 12 weeks pre-post | Baseline/analyzed: n = 75; Adults/older adults; Colorectal |
mHealth: app providing daily exercise program and activity tracker to record activity | Not applicable | PA | Muscle strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, QoL |
| Chung, 2019, Republic of Korea [58] | 12 weeks Quasi-experimental | Baseline: n = 54 Analyzed: n = 37; Adults/older adults; Breast |
mHealth: WalkOn R app to promote healthy activities in a mobile community | No intervention | PA | Not applicable |
| Delrieu, 2020, France [63] | 6 months Pre-Post | Baseline: n = 49 Analyzed: n = 44; Adults/ older adults; Breast |
mHealth: Activity tracker and affiliated app non-mHealth component: In-person or phone sessions on performance feedback or recommendations of PA and SB |
Not applicable | PA, SB | Cardiorespiratory fitness, strength, anthropometry, QoL, fatigue |
| Gell, 2017, United States [43] | 4 weeks pre-post (Pilot) |
Baseline/Analyzed: n = 24; Adults/ older adults; Various |
mHealth: Activity tracker and text messages non-mHealth component: Health coaching phone calls |
Not applicable | PA | Self-regulation, fatigue, depression, acceptability |
| Gell, 2020, United States [44] | 8 weeks RCT (Pilot) |
Baseline: n = 66 Analyzed: n = 59; Adults/older adults; Various |
mHealth: Activity tracker and text messages non-mHealth component: Phone calls from health coach |
No intervention | PA, SB | Adherence wearing activity tracker, intervention satisfaction |
| Götte, 2018, Germany [66] | 10 weeks Quasi-experimental | Baseline: n = 40 Analyzed: n = 39; Children/adolescents; pediatric |
mHealth: Activity tracker non-mHealth component: Supervised exercise intervention during and after acute cancer treatment |
Exercise intervention after acute cancer treatment | PA | QoL, motor performance, acceptability |
| Haggerty, 2017, United States [48] | 6 months RCT (Pilot) |
Baseline: n = 41 Analyzed: n = 32; Adults/older adults; Endometrial |
mHealth: Text messages to support weight loss non-mHealth component: Conventional weighing scale |
Telemedicine (active CG) and no intervention (inactive CG) | PA | Weight loss, anthropometry, QoL |
| Hartman, 2018, United States [52] | 12 weeks RCT | Baseline/Analyzed: n = 87; Adults/ older adults; Breast |
mHealth: Activity tracker non-mHealth component: In- person session to set PA goals |
No intervention | PA | BMI, neurocognitive functioning |
| Kenfield, 2019, United States [47] | 12 weeks RCT (Pilot) |
Baseline: n = 76 Analyzed: n = 65; Adults/older adults; Prostate |
mHealth: Activity tracker and text messages non-mHealth component: Website providing behavioral and social support information |
No intervention | PA | Acceptability |
| Kim, 2020, Republic of Korea [60] | 12 weeks pre-post | Baseline/Analyzed: n = 31; Adults/older adults; Hepatocellular carcinoma |
mHealth: Care app and activity tracker prescribing exercise program | Not applicable | PA | Cardiorespiratory fitness, strength, anthropometry, QoL |
| Le, 2017, United States [41] | 6 months Pre-post (pilot) | Baseline: n = 19 Analyzed: n = 15; Adolescents/young adults; Various |
mHealth: Activity tracker to record PA non-mHealth component: Website and instruction to adhere to exercise recommendations |
Not applicable | PA | Cardiorespiratory fitness, barriers to exercise |
| Lozano-Lozano, 2019, Spain [67] | 8 weeks pre-post | Baseline: n = 80 Analyzed: n = 76; Adults/older adults; Breast |
mHealth: BENECA mHealth app to monitor and provide feedback on healthy eating and PA | Not applicable | PA | QoL, self-efficacy, anthropometry |
| Lynch, 2019, Australia [38,39] | 12 weeks RCT | Baseline: n = 83 Analyzed: n = 80; Adults/older adults; Breast |
mHealth: Activity tracker and affiliated app non-mHealth component: In-person session and telephone-health coaching sessions |
No intervention | PA, SB | Not applicable |
| Maxwell–Smith, 2019, Australia [56] | 12 weeks RCT | Baseline: n = 68 Analyzed: n = 67; Adults/older adults; Colorectal, gynecologic (at risk of cardiovascular disease) |
mHealth: Activity tracker non-mHealth component: Dashboard to collect PA engagement data, printed material, group sessions and phone call at Week 8 |
Printed material | PA, SB | BMI, blood pressure |
| Mayer, 2018, United States [46] | 6 months RCT | Baseline: n = 284 Analyzed: n = 227; Adults/older adults; Colon |
mHealth: SurvivorCHESS app to help increase daily activity levels non-mHealth component: Printed material, self-learning audio program for cancer survival and pedometer |
Printed material, self-learning program for cancer survival and pedometer | PA | QoL, distress |
| McCarroll, 2015, United States [50] | 4 weeks pre-post | Baseline: n = 50 Analyzed: n = 35; Adults/older adults; Breast, endometrial |
mHealth: LoseIt! app to support weight-loss non-mHealth component: Weighing scale to track weight |
Not applicable | PA | QoL, self-efficacy, anthropometry |
| McNeil, 2019, Canada [61] | 12 weeks RCT (Pilot) |
Baseline: n = 45 Analyzed: n = 41; Adults/older adults; Breast |
mHealth: Activity tracker and app to prescribe exercise non-mHealth component: Diary and phone call or e-mail |
No intervention | PA, SB | Anthropometry, cardiorespiratory fitness |
| Mendoza, 2017, United States [40] | 10 weeks RCT (Pilot) |
Baseline/analyzed: n = 59; Children/adolescents; Various |
mHealth: Activity tracker with app and text messages non-mHealth component: Facebook support group and phone call to set a daily step goal |
No intervention | PA, SB | QoL, acceptability |
| Ormel, 2018, Netherlands [65] | 12 weeks RCT | Baseline/analyzed: n = 32; Adults/older adults; Various |
mHealth: RunKeeper app for self-monitoring PA | No intervention | PA, SB | Usability of app |
| Ovans, 2018, United States [45] | 12 weeks Pre-post (pilot) | Baseline/analyzed: n = 15; Children/ adolescents; Brain tumor |
mHealth: Activity tracker non-mHealth component: Phone or in-person coaching to encourage PA |
Not applicable | PA | Cardiorespiratory fitness, QoL, fatigue |
| Pope, 2018, United States [49] | 10 weeks RCT | Baseline: n = 30 Analyzed: n = 20; Adults/older adults; Breast |
mHealth: Activity tracker non-mHealth component: Facebook group providing PA tips |
Facebook group | PA, SB | Anthropometry, cardiorespiratory fitness |
| Puszkiewic, 2016, United Kingdom [68] | 6 weeks pre-Post | Baseline/Analyzed: n = 11; Adults/older adults; Various |
mHealth: GAINFitness app that provides a PA program | Not applicable | PA | Anthropometry, QoL, sleep quality, app engagement |
| Short, 2018, Australia [55] | 2 weeks pre-post (pilot) | Baseline/analyzed: n = 10; Adults/older adults; Various |
mHealth: app to support PA. non-mHealth component: In- person consultation, handout, and telephone or email. |
Not applicable | PA | Acceptability |
| Singh, 2020, Australia [53] | 12 weeks RCT | Baseline: n = 52 Analyzed: n = 50; Adults/older adults; Breast (after completed supervised exercise intervention) |
mHealth: Activity tracker non-mHealth component: Counselling session and printed material |
Counselling session and printed material | PA | Acceptability |
| Spark, 2015, Australia [54] | 6 months pre-post | Baseline: n = 25 Analyzed: n = 23; Adults/older adults; Breast |
mHealth: Text messages to promote weight loss, PA and dietary behavior change non-mHealth component: Phone call to tailor self-regulation strategies |
Not applicable | PA | Weight |
| Trinh, 2018, Canada [62] | 12 weeks pre-post (pilot) | Baseline/Analyzed: n = 46, Adults/older adults; Prostate |
mHealth: Activity tracker non-mHealth component: Web-based SB intervention |
Not applicable | PA, SB | QoL, feasibility |
| Uhm, 2017, Republic of Korea [57] | 12 weeks Quasi-experimental | Baseline: n = 356 Analyzed: n = 339; Adults/older adults; Breast |
mHealth: Smart After Care exercise app non-mHealth component: Pedometer |
Printed material | PA | BMI, blood pressure, heart rate, strength, cardiorespiratory fitness, QoL, user satisfaction |
| Valle, 2017, United States [51] | 6 months RCT (Pilot) |
Baseline: n = 35 Analyzed: n = 33; Adults/older adults; Breast |
mHealth: Activity tracker interfaced with app non-mHealth component: In-person session, wireless weighing scale, and email-delivered behavioral lessons |
Self-regulation intervention group and wireless weighing scale | PA | BMI |
| Van Blarigan, 2019, United States [69] | 12 weeks RCT (Pilot) |
Baseline: n = 41 Analyzed: n = 39; Adults/older adults; Colorectal |
mHealth: Activity tracker and daily text messages non-mHealth component: Printed material on PA after cancer |
Printed material on PA after cancer | PA | Feasibility and acceptability |
| Villaron, 2018, France [64] | 8 weeks RCT (Pilot) |
Baseline/Analyzed: n = 43; Adults/older adults; Various |
mHealth: Weekly PA encouraging text messages non-mHealth component: PA recommendations, pedometer and printed material |
Pedometer | PA | QoL, fatigue |
BMI: body mass index; CG: control group; PA: physical activity; QoL: quality of life; RCT: randomized control trial; SB: sedentary behavior.