Table 1.

Clinical significance of selected biomarkers in the diagnosis and progression of CRC [18,19,20,21,22,23,24,25,26].

Clinical Significance	Biomarker	Findings	References
Diagnosis	SCF	Significantly lower serum levels between CRC and healthy individuals Diagnostic sensitivity higher than for classical tumor marker—CEA and CA 19-9	[19,21]
	M-CSF CXCL-8 IL-6 TIMP-1	M-CSF, CXCL-8, IL-6, TIMP-1—significantly higher serum levels between CRC and healthy individuals M-CSF—AUC higher than for classical tumor marker—CEA and CA 19-9 CXCL-8—AUC and diagnostic sensitivity higher than for classical tumor marker—CEA IL-6—AUC higher than for classical tumor marker—CEA and CA 19-9 TIMP-1—AUC and diagnostic sensitivity higher than for classical tumor marker—CEA and CA 19-9	[18,22,25]
Progression	M-CSF	Significant differences between serum levels and TNM stage serum levels and nodal involvement	[18,20]
	CXCL-8	Significant differences between serum levels and TNM stage serum levels and distant metastases	[22]
	IL-6	Significant differences between serum levels and TNM stage serum levels and nodal involvement serum levels and distant metastases	[25]
	CRP	Significant differences between serum levels and distant metastases	[25]
	TIMP-1	Significant differences between serum levels and TNM stage serum levels and nodal involvement serum levels and distant metastases	[26]
Independent prognostic factor	M-CSF	Higher serum levels as poor prognostic factor	[18]
	CRP	Higher serum levels as poor prognostic factor	[25]
CRC vs. CA differentiation	M-CSF	Significant differences between CRC and colorectal adenoma	[18]
	GM-CSF		[19]
	IL-6		[25]
	CRP		[25]
	TIMP-1		[26]