Table 1.
Included studies.
| Title | MS Phenotype |
Other Conditions Included | Age | Study Design | Ref. |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MAIN INTERVENTION | |||||
| Haptic feedback on robot (I-TRAVLE), arm strength and endurance training, 3 times a week for 8 weeks | All MS | Paralytic Stroke | >18 | Interventional Open Label Single Group | [37] |
| Resistance-endurance training at home via internet (e-Training), 10–60 min | All MS | 18–65 | Interventional Randomized Parallel Assignment | [38] | |
| Body-weight support robot (LEAP), usability study, therapist, observer and patient questionnaire | All MS | Spinal Cord Injuries Cerebral Palsy Parkinson Disease Stroke People with impaired lower extremity function |
5–80 | Interventional Open Label Single Group | [39] |
| Home-based movement training (MOTOmed), 12 weeks | All MS | >18 | Interventional Randomized Parallel Assignment | [40] | |
| Processing speed and attention treatment, digital Tablet-based game, 6 weeks | All MS + CIS | Cognitive Decline | 18–71 | Interventional Randomized Parallel Assignment | [41] |
| Internet-based intervention to increase physical activity (eFIT), 12 weeks | All MS | >18 | Interventional Randomized Parallel Assignment | [42] | |
| Web-based behavioral lifestyle intervention (POWER@MS1), 12 months | All MS | 18–65 | Interventional Randomized Parallel Assignment | [43] | |
| Internet-delivered Cognitive Behavioral Intervention for Sleep Disturbance (iSLEEPms), 4 weeks | All MS | >18 | Interventional Randomized Parallel Assignment | [44] | |
| Game Based Virtual Reality Exercises (USE-IT) added to rehabilitation, 4 weeks | All MS | 18–65 | Interventional Randomized Parallel Assignment Open Label | [45] | |
| (MORE STAMINA) Mobile App for Fatigue Management, adherence, 60 days | All MS | Fatigue Chronic Conditions |
18–80 | Observational Prospective | [46] |
| STANDARDASING PREVIOUS OUTCOME MEASURES | |||||
| Fall prevention exercise and education program with electronic diary, 8 weeks | All MS | 18–89 | Interventional Open Label Single Group | [47] | |
| Comparison between Mobile Multiple Sclerosis Functional Composite and classic | Relapsing-remitting MS | 18–65 | Interventional Randomized Crossover Assignment Open Label | [48] | |
| Usability of the Multiple Sclerosis Performance Test Device | All MS + CIS | >18 | Observational Prospective | [49] | |
| (Myo Armband) Wearable Biosensor to Track and Quantify Limb Dysfunction | All MS | 18–65 | Interventional Open Label Single Group | [50] | |
| Change in the Arm Function in Multiple Sclerosis Questionnaire after 4 weeks of Home-Based Dexterity Training via Mobile App | All MS | 18–75 | Interventional Randomized Parallel Assignment | [51] | |
| Automated EDSS Score Calculation Using a Smartphone Application vs paper version | Progressive MS | >18 | Observational Prospective | [52] | |
| Patient Centered Outcomes Analysis using BeCare Mobile App, 6 months | All MS | 18–65 | Observational Prospective | [53] | |
| Validation of the BeCare Multiple Sclerosis Assessment App | All MS | 18–75 | Observational Prospective | [54] | |
| DETECTION OF INVISIBLE CLINICAL AND TREATMENT FEATURES | |||||
| Realtime Digital Fatigue Score as outcome measure | All MS | 18–70 | Interventional Randomized Crossover Assignment | [55] | |
| (NA-NOSE) Artificial olfactory system chemical sensor for the detection and identification of Multiple Sclerosis by Respiratory Samples | All MS | 18–60 | Observational Case-Only Cross-Sectional | [56] | |
| Evaluation of adherence through BetaPlus Program elements (website) | Relapsing-remitting + Secondary Progressive MS |
>18 | Observational Prospective | [57] | |
| Portuguese evaluation of adherence through BetaPlus Program elements (website) | Relapsing-remitting MS + Secondary Progressive MS |
>18 | Observational Prospective | [58] | |
| Electronic measure of needle disposals (MEMS TrackCaps) as outcome measure | All MS + CIS | 18–70 | Interventional Randomized Parallel Assignment | [59] | |
| Evaluation of adherence through the Use of an Electronic Diary, one year | All MS | 18–70 | Interventional Randomized Parallel Assignment Open Label | [60] | |
| Fall Detection through Electronic Fall Detector, 6 months | All MS | >18 | Interventional Randomized Parallel Assignment Open Label | [61] | |
| Comparing a Smartphone Application with the Composite MSFC Score, 90 days | All MS | >18 | Observational Prospective | [62] | |
| Patient Reported Outcomes Measurement Information System via tablet, 6 weeks | All MS | Fibromyalgia Osteoarthritis Sjögren’s Syndrome Parkinson’s Disease |
18–76 | Interventional Randomized Parallel Assignment | [63] |
| Number of Active and Passive Tests Conducted by patients on smartwatch and smartphone | All MS | 18–55 | Interventional Non-Randomized Parallel Assignment Open Label | [20] | |
| Change in number of reports of adverse drug reactions through app (My eReport France), 6 months | Relapsing-remitting MS | >18 | Interventional Randomized Parallel Assignment Open Label | [64] | |
| Betaferon adherence measured by mobile app (PROmyBETAapp), 6 months | Relapsing-remitting MS | >18 | Observational Prospective | [65] | |
| Digital Assessment Multiple Sclerosis 3 (DAMS-3) vs MSFC | All MS | 18–60 | Interventional Non-Randomized Sequential Assignment Open Label | [66] | |
| Internet collection of Patient Reported Outcomes (SymptoMScreen) as outcome measure, 192 weeks | Progressive MS | 18–65 | Interventional Randomized Single-Group Assignment Open Label | [67] | |
| Ascertaining Medication Usage & Patient Reported Outcomes Via the myBETAapp, 12 weeks | Relapsing-remitting MS | >18 | Observational Prospective | [68] | |
| Evaluation of the Impact of Patients’ Training by Nurse on Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting by Patient Via a Mobile Application (VIGIP-SEP2), 3 months | All MS | >18 | Interventional Randomized Parallel Assignment Open Label | [69] | |
| Promotion and evaluation of adherence via Electronic Pill Bottle, 90 days | Relapsing-remitting MS | >18 | Interventional Randomized Parallel Assignement Open Label | [70] | |