Table 2.

Physical and chemical methods used to degrade dichlorvos from environments.

No.	Study Sample/ Sample Sources	Physicochemical Method Used	Medium	Specific Statement	Reference
1	Sunlight/UV	Photocatalysis	Water	pH 3 conditions increased dichlorvos photodegradation up to 32%, with degradation rate constant of 0.064 h−1	[44]
2	Hydrodynamic cavitation reactor/Fenton	Advanced oxidation processes (AOPs)	Water	91.5% dichlorvos was degraded in 1 h	[45]
3	Activated carbon	Adsorption	Water	Average removal rate of dichlorvos was 95.1%	[46]
4	O2 plasma	AOPs	Air	Most of the dichlorvos was removed in 120 s	[47]
5	Fe ZSM-11	Photocatalysis	Water	Dichlorvos was degraded in 120 min (6% Fe ZSM-11)	[51]
6	Zero valent iron nanoparticles	Photocatalysis	Water	Pesticide was removed in 1 h	[52]
7	Fenton/H2O2	AOPs	Water	In acidic and saturated dissolved oxygen conditions, it took nearly 90 min to push degradation ratio up to 98%	[49]
8	H2O2	AOPs	Air	80.7% of dichlorvos vapor was decontaminated by 110–130 mg/m3 of H2O2 aerosol in 60 min	[48]
9	O3	AOPs	Water	Ozone plays an important role in dichlorvos degradation	[50]
10	Dielectric barrier discharge (DBD) plasma	Free radicals	Water	At lower initial concentration, the disappearance rate of dichlorvos followed first-order rate law; at higher initial concentration, the disappearance rate of dichlorvos shifted to zero-order rate law	[54]
11	Fresh frozen plasma	AOPs	Air	Dichlorvos half-life is 17.9 min	[55]