Table 1.
General characteristics of study participants according to the hepatic steatosis index score.
| Variables | Non-NAFLD (n = 4405) |
NAFLD (n = 1395) |
p-Value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 45.79 ± 0.41 | 47.70 ± 0.62 | 0.005 |
| Gender (%, men) | 46.68 ± 0.79 | 50.50 ± 1.75 | 0.061 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 22.81 ± 0.05 | 28.20 ± 0.10 | <0.001 |
| Drinking Status (%) | 0.054 | ||
| Never | 29.90 ± 0.91 | 34.01 ± 1.69 | |
| Former | 4.97 ± 0.40 | 3.98 ± 0.62 | |
| Current | 65.12 ± 1.00 | 61.99 ± 1.79 | |
| Smoking Status (%) | 0.013 | ||
| Never | 65.75 ± 0.89 | 61.59 ± 1.78 | |
| Former | 15.23 ± 0.65 | 14.29 ± 1.26 | |
| Current | 19.00 ± 0.80 | 24.10 ± 1.69 | |
| Physical activity (%) | 0.013 | ||
| No | 61.43 ± 0.12 | 66.64 ± 1.76 | |
| Moderate | 22.06 ± 1.03 | 19.36 ± 1.49 | |
| Vigorous | 16.50 ± 0.82 | 13.99 ± 1.15 | |
| Socioeconomic status (%) | 0.040 | ||
| Low | 0.83 ± 0.20 | 1.09 ± 0.39 | |
| Low-mid | 29.17 ± 1.32 | 26.92 ± 2.00 | |
| Mid-high | 47.97 ± 1.22 | 45.01 ± 1.95 | |
| High | 22.02 ± 1.04 | 26.96 ± 1.91 | |
| Education (%) | <0.001 | ||
| <High school | 22.99 ± 0.98 | 28.42 ± 1.67 | |
| High school | 38.49 ± 1.08 | 38.80 ± 1.83 | |
| College and more | 38.51 ± 1.23 | 32.76 ± 1.93 | |
| Marital status (%) | <0.001 | ||
| Single | 19.67 ± 1.05 | 14.41 ± 1.51 | |
| Married | 72.83 ± 1.10 | 74.93 ± 1.75 | |
| Divorced | 7.48 ± 0.52 | 1.06 ± 1.21 | |
| Comorbidity (%) | |||
| Hypertension | 12.67 ± 0.63 | 24.38 ± 1.54 | <0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus | 3.82 ± 0.33 | 15.32 ± 1.19 | <0.001 |
| Hyperlipidemia | 25.01 ± 0.90 | 48.99 ± 1.79 | <0.001 |
Data are shown as the weighted mean or frequency ± standard error as appropriate. NAFLD: non-alcoholic fatty liver disease; BMI: Body mass index.