Table 1.
Characteristics of included clinical practice guidelines on recommendations for patients with lumbar radicular pain (n = 23).
| Title Guideline | Year | Country | Professional Bodies/ Abbreviation |
|---|---|---|---|
| Low back disorders | 2016 | USA | American College of Occupational and Environmental Medicine (ACOEM [28]) |
| Diagnostic Imaging for Low Back Pain: Advice for High-Value Health Care From the American College of Physicians | 2011 | USA | American College of Physicians (ACP [29]) |
| Diagnosis and Treatment of Low Back Pain: A Joint Clinical Practice Guideline from the American College of Physicians and the American Pain Society | 2007 | USA | American College of Physicians and the American Pain Society (ACP-APS [30]) |
| ACR Appropriateness Criteria Low Back Pain | 2016 | USA | American College of Radiology (ACR [31]) |
| Interventional Therapies, Surgery, and Interdisciplinary Rehabilitation for Low Back Pain | 2009 | USA | American Pain Society (APS [32]) |
| Low Back Pain: Clinical Practice Guidelines Linked to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health from the Orthopedic Section of the American Physical Therapy Association | 2012 | USA | Orthopedic Section of the American Physical Therapy Association (APTA [33]) |
| An Update of Comprehensive Evidence-Based Guidelines for Interventional Techniques in Chronic Spinal Pain. Part II: Guidance and Recommendations | 2013 | USA | American Society of Interventional Pain Physicians (ASIPP [34]) |
| Spinal Manipulative Therapy and Other Conservative Treatments for Low Back Pain: A Guideline From the Canadian Chiropractic Guideline Initiative | 2018 | Canada | Canadian Chiropractic Guideline Initiative (CCGI [35]) |
| Low Back Pain medical Treatment Guidelines | 2014 | USA | Department of Labor and Employment, Division of Worker’s Compensation (DLE-DWC [36]) |
| European guidelines for the management of chronic non-specific low back pain | 2004 | Europe | European Commission, Research Directorate-General, department of Policy, Coordination and Strategy (EG [37]) |
| Adult Acute and Subacute Low Back Pain Diagnosis Algorithm | 2018 | USA | Institute for Clinical Systems Improvement (ICSI [38]) |
| Diagnostic therapeutic flow-charts for low back pain patients: the Italian clinical guideline | 2006 | Italy | Italian Health Ministry-Care and Research Institute Fondazione Don Carlo Gnocchi ONLUS of Milan (IHM [39]) |
| Low back pain and radicular pain: assessment and management | 2017 | Belgian | Belgian Health Care Knowledge Center (KCE [40]) |
| Korean medicine clinical practice guideline for lumbar herniated intervertebral disc in adults | 2017 | Korea | The Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine (KIOM [41]) |
| Clinical Guideline for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Lumbar Disc Herniation with Radiculopathy | 2012 | USA | North American Spine Society (NASS [42]) |
| National Clinical Guideline: interventions for recent onset lumbar radiculopathy | 2016 | Denmark | National Board of Health (Denmark) (NBHD [43]) |
| Acute low back pain Interdisciplinary clinical guidelines | 2007 | Norway | The Norwegian Back Pain Network and an interdisciplinary working group (NBPN [44]) |
| NHG-Standaard Lumbosacraal radiculair syndroom | 2015 | Netherlands | Dutch General Practitioners Society (NHG [45]) |
| Low back pain and sciatica in over 16s: assessment and management | 2016 | UK | National Institute for Health and Care Excellence (NICE [46]) |
| Clinical Practice Guidelines on the Diagnosis and Management of LBP | 2011 | Philippines | Philippine Academy of Rehabilitation Medicine PARM [47]) |
| Evidence-Informed Primary Care Management of Low Back Pain | 2015 | Canada | Institute of Health Economics Toward Optimized Practice (TOP [48]) |
| Acute Low Back Pain | 2010 | USA | The University of Michigan Health System (UMHS [49]) |
| VA/Do clinical practice guideline for diagnosis and treatment of low back pain | 2017 | USA | Department of Veterans Affairs and Department of Defense (Va/Dod [50]) |