Table 1.
Clinical characteristics of the study population.
| non-COVID-19 (N = 6) | COVID-19 (N = 9) | p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age, median (IQR), year | 45.3 (31–76) | 38.9 (27–62) | 0.40 |
| Female sex – no. (%) | 2/6 (33.3%) | 5/9 (55.6%) | 0.75 |
| Smoke – no. (%) | 3/6 (50%) | 1/9 (11.1%) | 0.28 |
| Coexisting disorder – no. (%) | |||
| Hypertension | 1/6 (16.7%) | 1/9 (11.1%) | 1 |
| Symptoms – no. (%) | |||
| fever on admission | 5/6 (83.3%) | 9/9 (100%) | 0.83 |
| temperature on admission (°C) | 38.5 (36.4–40) | 38.1(37.3–38.6) | 0.30 |
| cough | 5/6 (83.3%) | 6/9 (66.7%) | 0.91 |
| Sputum production | 3/6 (50%) | 3/9 (33.3%) | 0.91 |
| fatigue or myalgia | 1/6 (16.7%) | 3/9 (33.3%) | 0.91 |
| sore throat | 0/6 (0%) | 2/9 (22.2%) | 0.64 |
| chest tightness | 1/6 (16.7%) | 3/9 (33.3%) | 0.91 |
| ground-glass opacity in the lung | 4/6 (66.7%) | 8/9 (88.9%) | 0.69 |
| Diarrhea | 0/6 (0%) | 1/9 (11.1%) | 1 |
| Red blood cell (RBC) count, × 1012/L | 4.58 (3.34–5.25) | 4.67 (3.88–5.73) | 0.81 |
| White blood cell (WBC) count, × 10⁹/L | 8.11 (5.42–9.95) | 5.19 (3.8–7.3) | <0.01 |
| Lymphocyte (LYM) count, × 10⁹/L | 1.03 (0.63–1.67) | 1.25 (0.65–2.98) | 0.50 |
| Haemoglobin (HGB) level, g/L | 134.7 (108–151) | 138.1 (108–164) | 0.72 |
| Platelet count (PLT), × 10⁹/L | 225.5 (174–286) | 202.8 (115–298) | 0.44 |
| Aspartate aminotransferase (AST), U/L | 26.7 (15–40) | 19.7 (16–24) | 0.09 |
| Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), U/L | 27.7 (11–63) | 16.4 (7–37) | 0.14 |
| albumin (ALB), g/L | 44.8 (30.9–53.8) | 47.9 (39.2–56.7) | 0.39 |
| total bilirubin (TBIL), μmol/L | 11.4 (4.8–17.5) | 7.5 (4.3–16.9) | 0.20 |
| blood urea nitrogen (BUN), mmol/L | 3.81 (2.97–4.54) | 4.06 (2.79–6.33) | 0.66 |
| Creatinine (CREAT), μmol/L | 73.3 (58–103) | 66.3 (55–94) | 0.37 |
| creatine kinase (CK), U/L | 75.5 (41–130) | 83 (46–186) | 0.73 |
| Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), U/L | 241.5 (139–553) | 183.7 (152–198) | 0.28 |
| myoglobin (MGB), ng/mL | 26.8 (13.9–55.6) | 27.8 (6.6–45.7) | 0.90 |
| pro B type natriuretic peptide (Pro-BNP) ≤100 ng/L – no. (%) | 4/6 (66.7%) | 8/9 (88.9%) | 0.69 |
| Cardiac troponin I (CTnI), μg/L | 0.027 (0.002–0.111) | 0.007 (0.001–0.035) | 0.24 |
| prothrombin time (PT), S | 13.5 (12.5–15.3) | 12.8 (12.4–13.2) | 0.07 |
| international normalized ratio (INR) | 1.03 (0.94–1.2) | 0.96 (0.92–1.0) | 0.06 |
| Procalcitonin (PCT) level, μg/L | 0.195 (0.02–0.76) | 0.027 (0.02–0.06) | 0.09 |
| C-reactive protein (CRP) level ≥5 mg/L – no. (%) | 4/6 (66.7%) | 7/9 (77.8%) | 1 |
| erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), mm/h | 33.5 (7–85) | 17.9 (7–37) | 0.22 |