Table 3.

Multivariate analyses of outcomes

Group	Total	Outcomes	OR (95%CI)	P value
	(n=730)	Recent evaluation by retina specialist (n=167; 22.9%) *
No PPS	299	66 (22.1%)	Reference
T1	158	23 (14.6%)	0.70 (0.39, 1.20)	0.21
T2	131	23 (17.6%)	0.70 (0.40, 1.18)	0.20
T3	142	55 (38.7%)	1.99 (1.26, 3.14)	0.003
	(n=623)	AMD+ (n=116, 18.6%) *
No PPS	243	37 (15.2%)	Reference
T1	138	19 (13.8%)	1.37 (0.73, 2.51)	0.32
T2	118	20 (16.9%)	1.14 (0.62, 2.05)	0.68
T3	124	40 (32.3%)	2.41 (1.44, 4.03)	<0.001
	(n=765)	Overall eyesight score <3 (n=49; 6.4%) †
No PPS	313	19 (6.0%)	Reference
T1	161	10 (6.2%)	1.00 (0.42, 2.27)	0.98
T2	140	6 (4.3%)	0.75 (0.29, 1.78)	0.54
T3	151	14 (9.3%)	1.85 (0.87, 3.87)	0.10
	(n=764)	Reading small print score <3 (n=57; 7.5%) †
No PPS	311	20 (6.4%)	Reference
T1	161	6 (3.7%)	0.71 (0.25, 1.75)	0.48
T2	140	11 (7.9%)	1.23 (0.55, 2.64)	0.60
T3	152	20 (13.2%)	2.29 (1.15, 4.57)	0.02
	(n=743)	Driving at night score <3 (n=160; 21.5%)⸸
No PPS	301	62 (20.6%)	Reference
T1	158	32 (22.2%)	1.02 (0.61, 1.69)	0.94
T2	137	28 (20.0%)	1.25 (0.77, 2.01)	0.37
T3	147	38 (25.9%)	1.33 (0.82, 2.15)	0.24
	(n=764)	Reading menus in dim lighting score <3 (n=112, 14.7%) ‡
No PPS	311	40 (12.9%)	Reference
T1	161	15 (9.3%)	0.90 (0.46, 1.69)	0.75
T2	140	28 (20.0%)	1.67 (0.97, 2.87)	0.06
T3	152	29 (19.1%)	1.48 (0.84, 2.58)	0.16
	(n=737)	VFQ <12 (n=113; 15.3%) †
No PPS	298	43 (14.4%)	Reference
T1	156	13 (8.3%)	0.65 (0.32, 1.22)	0.20
T2	137	24 (17.5%)	1.16 (0.66, 2.00)	0.59
T3	146	33 (22.6%)	1.66 (0.98, 2.80)	0.06

AMD+: Age-related macular degeneration and any pigmentary maculopathy.

^*Adjusted for age, race, gender, and smoking status.

^†Adjusted for age, race, gender, smoking status, and history of splenic disease.

^⸸Adjusted for age, race, gender, smoking status, and history of kidney disease.

^‡Adjusted for age, race, gender, smoking status, BMI, and history of splenic disease.