Table 2.
Results from dual‐energy X‐ray absorptiometry
| <Men> | All | HFpEF/HFmrEF | HFrEF | P |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 247 | 100 | 147 | |
| Body weight (kg) | 62.5 (15.2) | 61.9 (14.9) | 62.3 (15.4) | 0.757 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 22.6 (4.5) | 23.1 (4.4) | 22.2 (4.6) | 0.143 |
| Lean body mass (kg) | 46.9 (9.0) | 46.9 (8.9) | 46.9 (9.0) | 1.000 |
| Lean body mass (%) | 76.1 (6.8) | 75.6 (7.3) | 76.4 (6.5) | 0.350 |
| Lean mass: arms (kg/m2) | 5.3 (1.2) | 5.2 (1.2) | 5.3 (1.2) | 0.578 |
| Lean mass: legs (kg/m2) | 13.8 (3.2) | 13.8 (3.3) | 13.8 (3.2) | 0.856 |
| Appendicular skeletal mass (kg) | 19.1 (4.3) | 19.1 (4.4) | 19.1 (4.2) | 0.986 |
| ASMI (kg/m2) | 6.88 (1.23) | 6.99 (1.26) | 6.81 (1.20) | 0.257 |
| Reduced muscle mass a | 61.1% | 60.0% | 61.9% | 0.791 |
| Fat mass (kg) | 13.4 (7.7) | 13.9 (7.7) | 13.2 (7.6) | 0.470 |
| Fat mass (%) | 20.4 (7.2) | 21.1 (7.6) | 20.0 (6.8) | 0.219 |
| Fat mass index (kg/m2) | 4.8 (2.6) | 5.1 (2.6) | 4.7 (2.6) | 0.234 |
| <Women> | All | HFpEF/HFmrEF | HFrEF | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| N | 171 | 93 | 78 | |
| Body weight (kg) | 48.5 (11.6) | 47.0 (8.2) | 50.2 (14.5) | 0.092 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 21.6 (4.6) | 21.4 (3.5) | 21.8 (5.7) | 0.571 |
| Lean body mass (kg) | 33.3 (5.5) | 32.7 (3.8) | 33.9 (6.9) | 0.199 |
| Lean body mass (%) | 70.0 (8.3) | 70.6 (7.9) | 69.2 (8.7) | 0.264 |
| Lean mass: arms (kg/m2) | 3.4 (0.7) | 3.3 (0.5) | 3.4 (0.8) | 0.650 |
| Lean mass: legs (kg/m2) | 9.2 (1.8) | 9.1 (1.3) | 9.3 (2.2) | 0.664 |
| Appendicular skeletal mass (kg) | 12.6 (2.4) | 12.5 (1.7) | 12.7 (3.0) | 0.635 |
| ASMI (kg/m2) | 5.59 (0.92) | 5.68 (0.81) | 5.49 (1.03) | 0.178 |
| Reduced muscle mass a | 43.9% | 37.6% | 51.3% | 0.089 |
| Fat mass (kg) | 13.9 (7.7) | 13.0 (5.8) | 14.9 (9.3) | 0.132 |
| Fat mass (%) | 27.2 (8.6) | 26.6 (8.2) | 27.8(9.0) | 0.376 |
| Fat mass index (kg/m2) | 6.1 (3.3) | 5.9 (2.5) | 6.5 (4.0) | 0.269 |
Values are mean (standard deviation).
ASMI, appendicular skeletal mass index; HFpEF/HFmrEF, heart failure with preserved/mid‐range ejection fraction; HFrEF, heart failure with reduced ejection fraction.
a
Reduced muscle mass was defined by cut‐off in the Asia Working Group of Sarcopenia: ASMI < 7.0 kg/m2 (men) and <5.4 kg/m2 (women).