Table 1. Selected meta-analytical effect sizes of MI in medical settings for different target criteria according to Lundahl et al. (14).

Target behavior/outcomes	Number of studies	OR	[95% Confidence interval]*1	Z value	BESD % improved
					MI	CG
Blood glucose	5	1.7	[0.82; 1.67]	0.85	52	48
Blood pressure	1	1.65*2	[1.24; 2.19]	3.45	57	43
Cholesterol	3	1.09*1	[1.00; 1.19]	1.92	51	49
Mortality	3	1.87*1	[1.03; 3.40]	2.06	59	41
Caries	2	1.85*2	[1.29; 2.64]	3.36	58	42
Body weight	10	1.17*2	[1.09; 1.27]	4.22	52	48
Alcohol (amount)	9	2.31*2	[1.75; 3.06]	5.86	61	39
Tobacco (abstinence)	8	1.34*1	[1.05; 1.70]	2.38	54	46
Cannabis (amount)	5	3.22*2	[2.14; 2.79]	5.66	65	35
Self-monitoring	4	2.14*2	[1.65; 2.79]	5.67	61	39
Medication adherence	4	1.25	[0.95; 1.65]	1.61	53	47
Treatment adherence	5	1.38*2	[1.18; 1.64]	4.04	55	43
Readiness for change	5	1.97*2	[1.11; 3.48]	2.53	59	41
Quality of life	6	2.21*2	[1.65; 2.96]	5.28	62	38

BESD, binomial effect size display: 2 × 2 table [group (MI, controls) × improvement (yes, no)]; *¹p < 0.05; *²p < 0.01 MI, motivational interviewing