Table 2.
Clinical characteristics of severely-symptomatic COVID-19 patients admitted to hospital ward or to Intensive Care Unit
| Whole cohort (N = 103) | Patients admitted to hospital ward (n = 49) |
Patients admitted to Intensive Care Unit (n = 54) |
P-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age, years mean(SD) | 66.12 (14.14) | 68.82 (14.93) | 63.67 (13.00) | 0.064 ‡ |
| Males N(%) | 70 (68%) | 28 (57%) | 42 (78%) | 0.025† |
| CV diseasesa N (%) | 12 (12%) | 4 (8%) | 8 (15%) | 0.293† |
| At least 1 comorbidityb N(%) | 63 (61%) | 25 (51%) | 38 (70%) | 0.044† |
| Obesity N (%) | 20 (19%) | 7 (14%) | 13 (24%) | 0.210† |
| Diabetes N (%) | 19 (18%) | 7 (14%) | 12 (22%) | 0.300† |
| Hypertension N (%) | 52 (50%) | 21 (43%) | 31 (57%) | 0.140† |
| 25OHD ng/mL mean(SD) | 18.2 (11.4) | 22.4 (12.7) | 14.4 (8.6) | 0.0003‡ |
| vitamin D deficiency (25OHD ≤20 ng/mL) N(%) | 64 (62%) | 22 (45%) | 42 (78%) | 0.0006† |
|
Creatinine μmol/L median [IQR] |
0.86 [0.72–1.04] |
0.93 [0.81–1.04] |
0.80 [0.66–0.95] |
0.008ǂ |
|
IL-6 pg/mL median [IQR] |
25.00 [13.00–51.00] |
16.00 [8.00–32.00] |
42.95 [19.00–56.00] |
0.0002ǂ |
|
D-Dimer ng/mL median [IQR] |
2482 [1697–3267] |
2118 [1125–3110] |
2786 [1585–3986] |
0.403 |
|
C-reactive Protein, nmol/L median [IQR] |
2.16 [0.78–8.21] |
2.67 [0.88–5.82] |
1.81 [0.72–9.83] |
0.872ǂ |
| Fibrinogen, g/L mean(SD) | 482.3 (167.4) | 503.6 (144.4) | 463.0 (181.5) | 0.222‡ |
| Lactate dehydrogenase, mU/mL median [IQR] |
260.00 [230.00–312.00] |
253.00 [222.00–279.00] |
284.50 [238.00–364.00] |
0.009ǂ |
|
Leukocytes count, ×109/L median [IQR] |
7.90 [5.50–10.10] |
7.00 [5.20–8.30] |
8.50 [6.10–10.80] |
0.052ǂ |
|
Neutrophils count, × 109/L median [IQR] |
5.60 [3.30–7.40] |
3.90 [3.10–5.70] |
6.70 [3.80–8.00] |
0.002ǂ |
| Lymphocytes count, ×109/L median [IQR] |
1.50 [1.00–2.00] |
1.50 [1.30–2.20] |
1.30 [0.90–1.90] |
0.039ǂ |
|
Platelets count, ×109/L median [IQR] |
283.00 [214.00–369.00] |
330.00 [276.00–399.00] |
228.00 [186.00–345.00] |
0.0005ǂ |
P-value are referred to the comparison between patients admitted to Intensive Care Unit and those admitted to hospital ward
a cardiovascular disease: coronary heart disease, stroke, myocardial infarction; b at least 1 comorbidity among obesity, diabetes, arterial hypertension. SD Standard Deviation, IQR interquartile range, ‡ = T-test, ǂ = Wilcoxon test, † = Chi-square test
Patients in intensive care unit: patients with respiratory distress requiring continuous positive airway pressure and/or endo-tracheal intubation. 25OHD 25hydroxyvitamin D; IL-6 interleukin-6
Lactate dehydrogenase normal values: 8–300 mU/mL; Fibrinogen normal values: 2.0–4.0 mg/dL; Leukocyte normal values: 4.5–11.0 × 109/L; Neutrophil normal values: 1.5–8.0 × 109/L; Absolute Lymphocyte Count normal values: 0.9–2.9 × 109/L; Platelet normal values: 150–400 × 109/L