Table 1.
General characteristics of the study cohort at inclusion
| Variable | Control group | Prone group |
|---|---|---|
| Count | 39 | 36 |
| Male | 32 (82%) | 23 (64%) |
| Age | 65 [55–70] | 66 [53–74] |
| BMI | 29 [27–33] | 28 [25–30] |
| Obesity (BMI ≥ 30 kg m−2) | 12 (32%) | 8 (23%) |
| Hypertension | 21 (55%) | 17 (47%) |
| Ischemic cardiac disease | 5 (13%) | 6 (17%) |
| Congestive heart failure | 6 (15%) | 2 (6%) |
| Lung disease | 10 (26%) | 4 (11%) |
| Asthma | 5 (13%) | 1 (3%) |
| COPD | 4 (10%) | 2 (6%) |
| Fibrosis | 0 (0%) | 1 (3%) |
| Sarcoidosis | 1 (3%) | 0 (0%) |
| Diabetes mellitus | 11 (28%) | 14 (39%) |
| Renal diseasea | 2 (5%) | 3 (8%) |
| Active cancer | 1 (3%) | 4 (11%) |
| Liver disease | 1 (3%) | 0 (0%) |
| Enrollment outside ICU | 20 (51%) | 19 (53%) |
| HFNO | 29 (74%) | 31 (86%) |
| Flow rate (HFNO) | 50 [40–50] | 50 [40–50] |
| PEEP (NIV) | 8 [6–8] | 7 [6–10] |
| FiO2 | 0.6 [0.55–0.70] | 0.6 [0.55–0.70] |
| SpO2 | 94 [92–95] | 93 [91–94] |
| PaO2 | 9.2 [8.2–10] | 8.8 [7.7–9.7] |
| RR | 26 [23–32] | 24 [21–29] |
| PaO2/FiO2 ratio | 15.4 [12.5–17.3] | 15.4 [11.5–17.4] |
| SpO2/FiO2 ratio | 157 [136–175] | 151 [131–174] |
| SBP | 130 [120–140] | 130 [120–140] |
| DBP | 70 [60–80] | 69 [62–75] |
Categorical parameters are presented as n (%), continuous variables as median (interquartile range [IQR]); COPD, Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; BMI, Body Mass Index; ICU, Intensive Care Unit; HFNO High-flow Nasal Oxygen; PEEP, Positive End Expiratory Pressure; NIV Noninvasive ventilation; RR, Respiratory Rate; SBP, Systolic Blood Pressure; DBP, Diastolic Blood Pressure
aCreatinine clearance < 60 mL min−1