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. 2021 May 31;8:662530. doi: 10.3389/fsurg.2021.662530

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Copyright © 2021 Li, Rajan, Shaw, Rohani, Ladak, Agrawal and Rask-Andersen.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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SR-PCI showing the position of the UEV relative to the internal opening of the VA in a left bone. (A) Medial view shows the entrance of the VA into the vestibule. A vascular plexus surrounds the VA that drains into the vein of the VA. (B) Anterior cropping shows the VA and the position of the UEV (red fiducial). (C) Bony algorithm shows the internal opening of the VA relative to the UEV (red fiducial). (D) Adjusting opacity gradient reveals both the UEV and the UD (red fiducial). (E) Lateral view shows the position of the utricle macula and the UEV (red fiducial). (F) Superior view and modification of gradient opacity shows the UD (white arrows) and the UEV (red fiducial). The BM and the rows of hair cells are seen. CC, common crus; UEV, utriculo-endolymphatic valve; VA, vestibular aqueduct; PSSC, posterior semicircular canal; UD, utricular duct; BM, basilar membrane.