| ATF4 | Activating transcription factor 4 | 
| CHOP | C/EBP homologous protein | 
| eIF2α | eukaryotic initiation factor 2α | 
| ER | Endoplasmic reticulum | 
| ETS | Electron transfer system capacity | 
| GCN2 | General control nonderepressible 2 kinase | 
| GRP78 | Glucose-regulated protein 78 | 
| HRI | Heme-regulated inhibitor | 
| IRE1 | Inositol-requiring enzyme 1 | 
| ISR | Integrated stress response | 
| OPA1 | Optic atrophy 1 | 
| PERK | PKR-like ER kinase | 
| PHB | Prohibitin | 
| PKR | Protein kinase R | 
| ROS | Reactive oxygen species | 
| SEM | Standard error of the mean |