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Human PDYN gene (modified screenshot from UCSC Genome Browser). (a) Gene structure. (b) Promoter PDYN region with VNTR and TSSs. Conservation across vertebrates. (c) Canonical PDYN mRNAs and transcripts initiated in exon 4. Their conservation across vertebrates. Non-coding sequences are shown by thin dark blue line; coding sequences by thick dark blue line; dynorphin peptides-encoding sequences by yellow. CN, caudate nucleus; NAc, nucleus accumbens; Put, putamen. Modified from [41].
