Table 1.
Predictive risk factors for diabetic and non-diabetic kidney disease. Clinical findings that may help to identify diabetic and non-diabetic kidney disease in patients with diabetes and CKD.
| Predictive Risk Factors for DKD | Predictive Risk Factors for NDKD |
|---|---|
| -Diabetic retinopathy | -Microhaematuria |
| -Longer duration of DM (≥10 years) | -Shorter duration of DM (<5 years) |
| -Chronic lower limb ischemia | -Overweight grade II (BMI: 35–39.9 kg/m2). |
| -Nephrotic range proteinuria | -Older age |
| -Insulin treatment | -History of CKD prior to diabetes development |
DKD: diabetic kidney disease. NDKD: non-diabetic kidney disease. DM: diabetes mellitus. CKD: chronic kidney disease, BMI: Body Mass Index.