Figure 3.

Intratumoral doxorubicin concentration with or without subsequent vascular occlusion by systemic tTF-NGR. Fluorescence-based semi-quantification of doxorubicin tumor accumulation and wash-out kinetics without tTF-NGR (black line) versus with tTF-NGR (red line) applied 6 h after doxorubicin for the first time. The combination protocol significantly retarded wash-out times of doxorubicin from the tumor with prolonged high intratumoral drug levels in the tumor tissue after 65 and 120 h upon doxorubicin-tTF-NGR sequences as compared to control sequences of doxorubicin-saline (p = 0.0043 at 65 h, p = 0.0095 at 120 h, Mann–Whitney test). AU, arbitrary units; AUC, area under the curve; kg, kilogram body weight; t_1/2, tumor elimination half-life. For methodological details see Ref. [79].