Figure 1.

Core regulations in intellectual disability. (A). Deregulated biological processes identified in ID. The scheme illustrates the main intracellular processes identified via integrated analyses and their subcellular localization within hypothetical excitatory (in purple) and inhibitory (in blue) neurons. For each process, a few representative ID genes are reported. (B). GO terms [12,13] enrichment for ID-associated genes. The terms reported referring to biological processes linked to cytoskeleton activity and regulation. Four databases provided the list of ID-associated genes: HPO (Human Phenotype Ontology, in blue) [58], GEISINGER (in red) [59], OMIM (Online Mendelian Inheritance in Man, in green) [60], and SysID (in orange) [1]. *, **, and *** indicate p < 0.05, <0.01, and <0.001 respectively. n.s., not significant.