Table 2.
Summary of indications for nasal high-frequency jet ventilation, initial settings, and clinical response.
| Patient number | Age, days /weight, g at the start of NHFJV | Indication for NHFJV | Ventilation before NHFJV | Before and after blood gases (pH/pCO2/HCO3/base) | Initial NHFJV settings | Days on NHFJV | Clinical response |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | 50/1250 | Planned extubation; prior extubation failure from iHFJV→NIPPV | iHFJV: PIP 26, Rate 240, On time 0.03; CV PIP 23, PEEP 11, BUR 3, FiO2 0.4 | 7.38/48/28/+2.7 | Jet PIP 23, Rate 360, On time 0.03; CV PIP 24, PEEP 9, BUR 40, iT 0.5, FiO2 0.44 | 2 | Remained extubated, transitioned to NIPPV |
| 7.35/50/28/+1.8 | |||||||
| 2 | 43/1090 | Accidental extubation | iHFJV: PIP 30, Rate 240, On time 0.03; CV PEEP 14, BUR 0, FiO2 0.57 | 7.3/52/26/−1.6 | Jet PIP 40, Rate 260, On time 0.034; CV PIP 35, PEEP 13, BUR 40, iT 0.5, FiO2 0.65 | 1 | Equipment malfunctioned, transitioned to NIPPV |
| 7.24/63/27/−1.1 | |||||||
| 3 | 38/1300 | Accidental extubation | iHFJV: PIP 25, Rate 240, On time 0.024; CV PEEP 8, BUR 0, FiO2 0.25 | 7.33/43/23/−3.2 | Jet PIP 27, Rate 360, On time 0.03; CV PIP 19, PEEP 9, BUR 40, iT 0.5, FiO2 0.32 | 4 | Remained extubated, transitioned to NIPPV |
| 7.33/56/29/+2 | |||||||
| 4 | 29/1140 | Planned extubation | iHFJV: PIP 27, Rate 420, On time 0.02; CV PIP 25, PEEP 11, BUR 3, FiO2 0.25 | 7.31/51/26/−1.5 | Jet PIP 36, Rate 360, On time 0.03; CV PIP 28, PEEP 8, BUR 40, iT 0.5, FiO2 0.37 | 6 | Remained extubated, transitioned to NIPPV |
| 7.3/49/24/−2.7 | |||||||
| 5 | 37/940 | Planned extubation | iHFJV: PIP 26, Rate 240, On time 0.024; CV PIP 20, PEEP 10, BUR 10, FiO2 0.4 | 7.32/60/31/+2.8 | Jet PIP 35, Rate 240, On time 0.03; CV PIP 35, PEEP 10, BUR 40, iT 0.5, FiO2 0.6 | 1 | Worsening oxygenation transitioned to NIPPV |
| 7.35/64/35/+7.1 | |||||||
| 6 | 23/950 | Rescue mode for worsening hypercarbia | NIPPV: PIP 33, PEEP 8, Rate 40, iT 0.5, FiO2 0.35 | 7.29/71/34/+5.4 | Jet PIP 30, Rate 300, On time 0.03; CV PIP 33, PEEP 10, BUR 40, iT 0.5, FiO2 0.35 | 11 | Improved hypercarbia, avoided intubation |
| 7.39/46/28/+2.2 | |||||||
| 7 | 42/880 | Planned extubation | iHFJV: Settings unavailable | Blood gases unavailable | Settings unavailable | 7 | Remained extubated, transitioned to NIPPV |
| 8 | 15/1175 | Rescue mode for frequent apneas and bradycardic events | NHFOV: MAP 13, delta P 42, Hz 7, FiO2 0.32 | 7.27/63/25/+1 | Jet PIP 45, Rate 360, On time 0.03; CV PIP 28, PEEP 9, BUR 40, iT 0.5, FiO2 0.28 | 14 | Improved apneas, avoided intubation |
| 7.29/50/23/−2.7 | |||||||
| 9 | 48/1420 | Planned extubation; prior extubation failure from SIMV→NIPPV | iHFJV: PIP 28, Rate 300, On time 0.02; CV PEEP 8, BUR 0, FiO2 0.25 | 7.31/49/23/−1.8 | Jet PIP 34, Rate 300, On time 0.03; CV PIP **, PEEP 10, BUR 40, iT 0.5, FiO2 0.25 | 7 | Remained extubated, transitioned to NIPPV |
| 7.36/58/28/+5.3 | |||||||
| 10 | 30/1090 | Planned extubation—difficulty oxygenating with small ETT size | iHFJV: PIP 38, Rate 300, On time 0.03; CV PEEP 13, BUR 0, FiO2 0.4 | 7.34/58/28/+4 | Jet PIP 38, Rate 300, On time 0.03; CV PIP 30, PEEP 10, BUR 40, iT 0.5, FiO2 0.45 | 12 | Remained extubated, transitioned to NIPPV |
| 7.32/62/27/+4 | |||||||
| 11 | 11/840 | Rescue mode for worsening hypercarbia | NIPPV: PIP 34, PEEP 8, Rate 45, iT 0.5, FiO2 0.31 | 7.05/76/17/−10 | Jet PIP 32, Rate 240, On time 0.03; CV PIP 30, PEEP 8, BUR 40, iT 0.5 | 1 | Required intubation, placed on SIMV |
| After gas unavailable on NHFJV | |||||||
| 12 | 31/905 | Increasing lung consolidation on CXR | NIPPV: PIP 30, PEEP 8, Rate 40, iT 0.5, FiO2 0.3 | 7.25/51/20/−5 | Jet PIP 34, Rate 300, On time 0.03; CV PIP **, PEEP 9, BUR 40, iT 0.5, FiO2 0.28 | 14 | Improved lung aeration, transitioned back to NIPPV |
| 7.24/48/19/−6.7 | |||||||
| 13 | 29/1025 | Planned extubation | iHFJV: PIP 28, Rate 300, On time 0.03; CV PEEP 9, BUR 0, FiO2 0.28 | 7.24/56/21/−4 | Jet PIP 35, Rate 300, On time 0.03; CV PIP **, PEEP 8, BUR 40, iT 0.5, FiO2 0.32 | 17 | Remained extubated, transitioned to NIPPV |
| 7.29/48/22/−3.7 | |||||||
| 14 | 15/840 | Rescue mode for increased WOB and frequency of events | NIPPV: PIP 30, PEEP 8, Rate 45, FiO2 0.26 | 7.35/54/27/+3 | Jet PIP 28, Rate 300, On time 0.034; CV PIP 30, PEEP 8, BUR 40, iT 0.5, FiO2 0.26 | 7 | Improved events, transitioned to CPAP |
| 7.35/51/25/+1.8 | |||||||
| 15 | 90/1925 | Rescue mode for worsening hypercarbia and hypoxia | NIPPV: PIP 36, PEEP 9, Rate 45, FiO2 0.7 | 7.26/82/30/+7.5 | Jet PIP 45, Rate 300, On time 0.03; CV PIP **, PEEP 9, BUR 40, iT 0.5, FiO2 0.5 | 6 | Improved hypercarbia, decrease in required FiO2, transitioned to NIPPV |
| 7.38/72/36/+15 | |||||||
| 16 | 30/850 | Rescue mode for worsening atelectasis on CXR | NIPPV: PIP 27, PEEP 7, Rate 40, FiO2 0.32 | 7.27/60/24/−0.4 | Jet PIP 30, Rate 300, On time 0.03; CV PIP 29, PEEP 10, BUR 40, iT 0.5, FiO2 0.3 | 10 | Improved lung aeration, transitioned to NIPPV |
| 7.36/43/23/−1.3 |
NHFJV noninvasive high-frequency jet ventilation, iHFJV invasive high-frequency jet ventilation, NIPPV nasal intermittent positive-pressure ventilation, PIP peak inspiratory pressure, On time Jet valve on time, CV conventional ventilation, PEEP positive end-expiratory pressure, BUR back up rate, FiO2 fraction of inspired oxygen, iT inspiratory time, NFHOV nasal high-frequency oscillatory ventilation, MAP mean airway pressure, dP amplitude, Hz frequency, SIMV synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation, ETT endotracheal tube, CXR Chest X-ray, WOB work of breathing, CPAP continuous positive airway pressure.
**Value not documented in ventilator settings or notes.