TABLE 4.
Summary of ENS-intestinal immunity manifestations in different diseases.
| Disorder | Alterations of intestinal mucosal barrier | Intestinal immune/inflammatory responses | References |
|---|---|---|---|
| BB-diabetes prone | Intestinal mucosal barrier permeability ↑ | Myeloperoxidase abundantly expressed in neutrophils | Vanuytsel et al. (2014) |
| Nitrogen neurons ↓ | |||
| PD | Dopamine neurons ↓ | Activate CD4+ immune response | Campos-Acuna et al. (2019) |
| AD | Nitrogen and cholinergic neuron ↓ | CD68+ macrophage ↑ | Han et al. (2017) |
| Stroke | Bacteria translocation and infection | IL-17 + y&T ↑ | Stanley et al. (2016) |
| IBD | VIP neuron regulating AMP; | ILC3 produce IL-22 ↑ | Chandrasekharan et al. (2013), Ballout and Diener (2019), Talbot et al. (2020), |
| Claudin-2 ↑ | Activate MC; secretion of negative ions of cytokines was impaired; inhibit the growth of IL-1B and IL-10; | Bessac et al. (2018), Kermarrec et al. (2018) | |
| Intestinal neuron loss | Secrete IL-17 promote intestinal homeostasis | ||
| Inflammatory cytokines and histamines pass through freely | Activate MC | ||
| Antiapoptotic activity of colonic cells ↓ | RET induce ILC3 to secrete IL-22 | Ibiza et al. (2016) | |
| GDNF induce intestinal TJ ↑ |