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. 2021 May 31;9:685507. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.685507

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Copyright © 2021 Hwang, Choi and Jang.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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(A) Representative images of cardiac models composed of chamber and major vessel. (a) CAD design and printed structure of the cardiac chamber show the compartment of the left and right ventricle. (b) Confocal image of printed cardiac chamber indicates the spatial organization of CM (pink) and EC (orange) and cross-sectioned immunostaining showed internal compartmented CM (green) and EC (red) structure. (B) Characteristic of coronary artery network. (a) Supplemented blood vessels of coronary artery network exhibit improved oxygen diffusion via oxygen concentration profiles. (b) Immunofluorescence images show the branching and lumen structure of the coronary artery structure. Reprinted with permission from Noor et al. (2019).