Table 2.
Description of the methodological characteristics, topics and the customization process (n = 70)
| Author (s) & year of publication | Population & methodology | Health topics and objectives | Customization implications (Segmentation method: patient characteristics & types of method; intervention content: fabrication, assembly, distribution) MC and other conceptual basis | Evidence of added-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1. Aggarwal et al. (2018) |
USA, Quantitative study (Questionnaire analysis of 644 patients in Mwanza, Tanzania at three clinics) |
Visual impairment in developing countries, Identifies individualized needs in local communities in two African countries |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical and psychosocial needs (e.g. the perceived expense and lack of vision problems) Intervention: Targeting the needs of local communities by supplying optometric or ophthalmic services (distribution) |
|
| 2. Avis et al. (2013) | Canada, Quantitative study (Comparative analysis of a pre-post intervention of 165 children with obesity) | Children with obesity, Demonstrates the added-value of an individualized plan |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical, psychosocial and service needs (e.g. anthropometric, lifestyle, medical and behavioral attitudes) Intervention: A multidisciplinary team managing an individualized plan (counseling and education related to nutrition and behavioral change techniques) (distribution) |
Quality of care Weight stabilization and a modest weight reduction |
| 3. Barlow-Stewart (2017) | Australia, Recommendations (Literature Review) | Genomic information, Highlights personalized medicine challenges in healthcare delivery |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical needs (genomic characteristics) Intervention: A customized plan including consent forms, data storage and analysis of genomic information; appropriate genomic literacy and genetic counselors) (fabrication and distribution) Conceptual basis: Precision medicine/personalized medicine |
|
| 4. Blanch-Hartigan and Viswanath (2015) |
USA Quantitative study (Regression analysis of 519 cancer survivors) |
Cancer Customizes cancer-related information according to demographical status |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical and psychosocial needs (i.e. social determinants predicting differences in cancer-related information) Intervention: Target communication platforms based on demographic profiles of survivor audiences (e.g. African American cancer survivors) (distribution) |
|
| 5. de Blok et al. (2010) |
The Netherlands Qualitative study (four case studies) |
Elderly, Demonstrates the impact of modularity packages on care customization in independent elderly people |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical and service needs (e.g. housing, support services) Intervention: A package of care and services for the elderly (built around key components of homecare activities, social activities, and an alarm service. Adapted to patient needs (fabrication, assembly, distribution) Conceptual basis: Modularity service and MC |
|
| 6. Blumenthal et al. (2016) |
USA Recommendations (case study review) |
High-needs, high-costs Tailors complex care management, coordination, and integration for high-needs, high-cost patients |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical, psychosocial, service needs and costs Intervention: Complex care management program (including population segmentation, non-medical services, care manager, interdisciplinary teamwork) (fabrication, distribution) |
Cost Reduction of hospital use and costs |
| 7. Bos-Touwen et al. (2015) |
The Netherlands Qualitative study (Semi-structured interviews with 15 nurses in chronic care, in different settings) |
Chronic patients Explores how nurses assess chronic patients and investigates the potential for self-management and clinical reasoning with regard to tailoring care |
Segmentation analysis: Psychosocial needs (self-management attitude, i.e. four patient types: unmotivated patients, patients with limited capacities, oblivious patients and ideal patients) Intervention: Different approaches depending on the nurse’s perception of patient self-management (distribution) |
|
| 8. Bosua et al. (2016) |
Australia Recommendation (literature review) |
Mental illness/elderly Develops an integrated information technology (IT) framework that supports customized treatment plans for adults with mental illness in residential care facilities |
Segmentation analysis: All needs, but no clear definition (e.g. information needs for individualized mental illness treatment plans) Intervention: An innovative IT solution (i.e. a portal with centralized information storage) (distribution) |
|
| 9. Braaf et al. (2017) |
Australia Qualitative study (22 in-depth interviews) |
Patients living with spinal cord injury Explores the needs of people with spinal cord injury, receiving formal carer and hospital services |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical, psychosocial and services needs Intervention: More reliable and accessible supply of carers. Individualized care plan in hospital, rehabilitation, and community settings (distribution) |
|
| 10. Brandzel et al. (2017) |
USA Qualitative study (Adult focus groups recommended for cancer screening) |
Cancer screening Customizes cancer screening reminder’s messages |
Segmentation analysis: Psychosocial and service needs (e.g. age, preference and health beliefs) Intervention: Customized forms and timing of reminders (e.g. electronic, paper, telephone) (distribution) |
|
| 11. Cabassa et al. (2014) |
USA Qualitative study (case study) |
Hispanic patients with serious mental illness Customizes an existing healthcare manager intervention, for a new patient population (Hispanics). |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical, psychosocial and service needs (e.g. patient-provider relationship) Intervention: Provider level-adaptations without compromising the core elements of a healthcare manager intervention (distribution) Conceptual basis: Collaborative intervention planning framework |
|
| 12. Chaudhuri and Lillrank (2013) |
India and Finland Qualitative study (Literature review and a case study) |
Transversal Implements MC in the Indian healthcare system |
Segmentation analysis: All needs, but no clear definition Intervention: Six dimensions (demand management, supply management, service process design, quality management, job design and resource profiling, scheduling) Application of the MC intervention requires a high volumes of patients enabling sub-specialization with sufficient capacity utilization Conceptual basis: MC |
|
| 13. Cotrell & Carder (2010) |
USA Qualitative study (interviews with 130 residents) |
Elderly Identifies resident unmet needs to target services |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical and psychosocial needs Intervention: Appropriate skills for managers and service coordinators to assess bio-psycho-social functioning of older residents (e.g. ethnic or language) (distribution) |
|
| 14. Von Dadelszen et al. (2015) |
International Recommendations (a consensus based on an international initiative) |
Pregnant women Provides evidence-based personalized care to women, wherever they encounter the health system |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical needs (i.e. risk-stratification) Intervention: Integrated approach to identify women, fetuses, and newborns requiring facility-based care and to initiate lifesaving interventions prior to transportation (distribution) |
|
| 15. Dekkers and Hertroijs (2018) |
The Netherlands Qualitative study (comparative analysis of two case studies) |
Transversal Customizes care based on two profiling techniques for patients |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical, psychosocial and service needs Intervention: Customized care depending on a specific profiling technique (distribution) Conceptual basis: Patient profiling and MC |
|
| 16. Dewi et al. (2014) |
Indonesia Qualitative study (Case study based on professionals experiences) |
Transversal Implements an individualized care plan in the Indonesian health-care system |
Segmentation analysis: All types, but no clear definition Intervention: Patient-nurse assortments based on similarity in social status (distribution) Responsiveness to local conditions by encouraging decision-making capacity, and developing skills, abilities and motivation of local officials working in the health sector (distribution) Conceptual basis: Patient-centered care |
|
| 17. dosReis et al. (2017) |
USA Quantitative study (Conditional logit model method; 184 primary caregivers) |
Childhood attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) Identifies ADHD management options that caregivers prefer |
Segmentation analysis: Service needs (i.e. caregiver preferences) Intervention: Assessing preferences over the course of care to facilitate patient/family-centered care planning across a range of resources, and a multidisciplinary team (fabrication, assembly, distribution) |
|
| 18. Fertel et al. (2019) |
USA Quantitative study (Comparative analysis of a pre-post intervention with a control group and involving 452 patients) |
High utilizers Assesses whether individualized care plans (ICPs) reduce costs, inpatient length of stay, and Emergency Department (ED) encounters in a large healthcare system |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical needs and costs (i.e. high utilizers defined by the number of ED visits per year) Intervention: An individualized care plan including specific symptom related information;assessments by specialists;social work and psychiatry summary (distribution) |
Costs Reduce costs, inpatient length of stay and ED visits for high utilizers |
| 19. Flott et al. (2017) |
United Kingdom Quantitative study (Two-step cluster analysis of 17,520 urological cancer patients) |
Urological cancer Improves patient experiences by defining priority groups |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical, psychosocial, and service needs (e.g. gender, age, cancer type and income level) Intervention: Access to a general practitioner when required for specific groups (e.g. marginalized social groups) (distribution) |
|
| 20. Ford-Gilboe et al. (2018) |
USA Quantitative study (Path analysis method involving 395 patients) |
Patients living in marginalized conditions Demonstrates the impact of an equity-oriented health care intervention |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical, psychosocial (e.g. poverty) and service needs (e.g. scheduled appointment) Intervention: A set of strategies applied by primary care professionals (e.g. routinely inquire about access to health determinants, such as food, shelter, clothing, and the impact of financial strain) (distribution) Conceptual basis: Equity-oriented health care model |
Quality of care & patient experience Greater patient comfort and confidence improves health outcomes (i.e. depressive symptoms, chronic pain, quality of life) |
| 21. Friedman et al. (2013) |
USA Quantitative study (Regression analysis of 1605 participants) |
Higher users Tests the hypothesis that a negative personality trait (neuroticism) is associated with greater health care use; ED visits, and nursing home use |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical and psychosocial needs Intervention: Considering personality traits in customized intervention (i.e. five personality traits: neuroticism, extraversion, openness to experience, agreeableness, and conscientiousness) (distribution) Conceptual basis: Personality traits |
Cost Personality traits (neuroticism) are associated with expensive health care services |
| 22. Geller et al. (2008) |
USA Quantitative study (Mixed model analysis of 319 patients) |
Colorectal screening Assesses the impact of a computer tablet, patient/provider, communications assistant |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical and psychosocial needs Intervention: Personalized information (i.e. to use language, concepts, and visuals for people with varying degrees of education and health literacy) rather than tailored interventions based on literacy levels (distribution) Conceptual basis: Trans theoretical model |
|
| 23. Gesser-Edelsburg & Shalayeva (2017) |
Israel Qualitative study (18 interviews and 80 comments from nutrition forums users) |
Nutrition program for immigrants Investigates factors influencing the success of nutrition programs. Internet-based |
Segmentation analysis: Psychosocial and service needs (e.g. immigrant cultural characteristics and patterns of internet use) Intervention: Customized information depending on language and cultural habits (distribution) |
|
| 24. Golden et al. (2019) |
USA Recommendations (literature review) |
Elderly Implements a care model that customizes care according to the needs of older adults with serious illness, and their families |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical, psychosocial and service needs Intervention: Racially and ethnically diverse healthcare professionals, including mental health and direct service workers (distribution) An integrated network of community-based organizations providing in-home services (fabrication and assembly) An electronic communications platform that spans providers and organizations with skilled technology staff (distribution) Conceptual basis: The essential care model |
|
| 25. Gordon et al. (2014) |
USA Quantitative study (Cluster analysis based on a marketing segmentation technique in 102 African American clinic patients) |
Colorectal cancer screening To customize messages for colorectal cancer screening orientation among African American clinic patients with limited literacy |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical, psychosocial and service needs (e.g. preventive health-related attitudes, values, preferences and behaviors) Intervention: Tailoring health messages and improving medical communication based on their preventive health perceptions (distribution) |
|
| 26. Greenwalt et al. (2020) |
USA Recommendations (literature review) |
Breast cancer Develops precision medicine for breast cancer management |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical needs (i.e. precision medicine criteria including molecular subtyping and gene expression profiles) Intervention: Customized treatments based on multi-gene assays, molecular and expression profiling (fabrication) Conceptual basis: Precision medicine/ personalized medicine |
|
| 27. Hagan et al. (2017) |
USA Qualitative study (Content analysis of 47 patients) |
Cancer-related fatigue (CRF) in patients with ovarian cancer Describes cancer patient goals and strategies for managing CRF |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical and psychosocial needs (e.g. enjoying time with friends and family, having energy to be physically active) Intervention: 11 customized strategies according to the specific needs of a patient (e.g. dealing with emotions; energy conservation, etc.) (distribution) |
|
| 28. Hardin et al. (2017) |
USA Qualitative study (Case study in two settings) |
High needs high costs Assesses the impact of an inter-organizational collaboration for complex patients |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical, psychosocial, service needs and costs (i.e. high-frequency patients that overuse acute care services) Intervention: Inter-organizational infrastructure and practices facilitating effective cross collaboration between competing health systems (e.g. shared infrastructure, common individualized plans between hospital and inpatient team) (assembly and distribution) Conceptual basis: Inter-organizational collaboration |
Cost Reduction in healthcare utilization and costs for this population |
| 29. Hassett et al. (2012) |
USA Quantitative study (Regression analysis based on a prospective registry data set) |
Breast cancer Assesses the impact of a genomic test to customize chemotherapy |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical needs (i.e. genotype profile) Intervention: A gene expression profile test for the appropriating use of adjuvant chemotherapy (fabrication) Conceptual basis: Precision medicine/personalized medicine |
Quality of care Reduction in the proportion of women with a specific genomic expression profile, receiving adjuvant chemotherapy |
| 30. Hooper et al. (2013) |
USA Quantitative study (Comparative analysis of a pre-post intervention in 78 patients in a health care center) |
Kidney transplantation Develops and evaluates a system for individualized risk-based monitoring of cholesterol and 11 other tests, after kidney transplantation in children |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical needs (i.e. dyslipidemia risk) Intervention: Monitoring schedules individualized by dyslipidemia risk Automated pre-visit decision support from electronic medical records Automated results forwarding to providers (fabrication) Conceptual basis: Quality assurance methods |
Quality of care Significant improvements in the numbers of patients with controlled LDL cholesterol |
| 31. Hunter et al. (2016) |
Canada Quantitative study (Regression analysis of 109 long-term care staff) |
Dementia Assesses associations of personal, organizational and environmental characteristics with self-reported person-centered behaviors in long-term residential care settings |
Segmentation analysis: Not clear definition, all types Intervention: Organizational and individual characteristics of staff members (including gender, beliefs on personhood and burnout) for improving person-centered dementia care (e.g. respect for personhood and comfort care) (distribution) Conceptual basis: Patient-centered care |
|
| 32. Jackson et al. (2019) |
International Qualitative study (case reports) |
People with hemophilia Personalizes prophylaxis in hemophilia |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical, psychosocial and service needs (e.g. desire for strong physical activity) Intervention: Customized treatment according to patient lifestyles (distribution) |
|
| 33. Jenq et al. (2016) |
USA Quantitative study (difference-in-difference analysis in 10,621 discharge patients aged > 64 years, with Medicare insurance) |
Higher utilizers Evaluates whether Medicare FFS readmissions were reduced via a customized intervention applied to high-risk discharge patients |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical needs and costs Intervention: A personalized transitional care plan managed by transitional care consultants, involving education, medication reconciliation, follow-up telephone calls, and links to community resources (distribution) |
Cost Reduce readmissions in the population (despite being only delivered to high-risk patients) |
| 34. Jing et al. (2012) |
International Qualitative study (case reports) |
Transversal Customizes molecular genetic data and health knowledge into a standard-based electronic health record (EHR) prototype |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical needs Intervention: Customized genetic and clinical characteristics via a standard-based EHR system (fabrication & distribution) Conceptual basis: Precision medicine/ personalized medicine |
|
| 35. Kertesz et al. (2013) |
USA Quantitative study (Comparative analysis of 634 participants) |
Homeless Assesses the impact of tailored primary care programs in homeless patients |
Segmentation analysis: All needs, but no clear definition Intervention: Tailored primary care program based on four dimensions (patient-clinician relationship, perception of cooperation, access/coordination and consideration of homeless-specific needs) (distribution) |
Patient experience A better service experience for patients who experience homelessness |
| 36. Kolodinsky and Reynolds (2009) |
USA Quantitative study (Cluster analysis of 581 citizens) |
Obesity Identifies elements of the US overweight population for message targeting |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical, psychosocial and service needs (e.g. overweight status, activity levels, health and food behaviors) Intervention: Customized channels and messages according to consumer lifestyles and their needs (distribution) Conceptual basis: Social marketing theories (social learning theory, health belief model) |
|
| 37. Kusch et al. (2018) |
Germany Recommendations (literature review) |
Transversal Customizes drug information according to individual information needs |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical needs (i.e. preferences about drug information on adverse drug reactions and drug-drug interactions) Intervention: Customized drug information according to individual information needs (distribution) Conceptual basis: Patient-centered care |
|
| 38. Van der Laan et al. (2014) |
The Netherlands Quantitative study (Factor mixture model in 2019 older adults) |
Elderly A new care delivery system based on a person-centered segmentation, beyond clinical needs |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical and psychosocial needs (e.g. restrictions in coping; mobility needs; feeling alone; cognitive needs) Intervention: A set of care and service modules depending on patient needs, related to five segments (fabrication and assembly) Conceptual basis: Patient needs; patient-centered segmentation |
|
| 39. Larsen et al. (2019) |
Denmark Quantitative study (including a regression analysis of 9400 patients) |
Prevention of chronic disease Implements an intervention (a personal digital health profile, followed by a targeted preventive program for high-risk patients) |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical and psychosocial needs (i.e. clinical risk and health risk behaviors) Intervention: A personal digital health profile for recruiting patients to preventive programs across primary care providers (fabrication) |
|
| 40. Lattie et al. (2016) |
USA Quantitative study (Cluster analysis of 212 men with a prostate cancer diagnosis) |
End-of-life care Examines whether the five-factor personality model explains variations in preferences for end-of-life intervention in men with prostate cancer |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical and psychosocial needs Intervention: Customized interventions according to three preferences related-groups, Comfort-Oriented Patients (preferring palliative care and opposing life support services), Service-Accepting Patients (preferring both palliative care and life support), and Service-Reluctant Patients (preferring neither) that endorsed significantly higher levels of neuroticism (emotional instability and negativity) (distribution) Conceptual basis: Personality traits |
|
| 41. Leporatti et al. (2016) |
Italy Quantitative study (Regression analysis of 218,198 ED visits) |
Emergency Department (ED) users Investigates the characteristics of frequent ED users, and recommends alternative medical services for such patients |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical, psychosocial, service needs and costs (e.g. abuse of alcohol and drugs, chronic conditions, and psychological distress) Intervention: To extend primary care services outside ED (distribution) and towards instituting local aid services (fabrication) |
|
| 42. Lin (2011) |
Taiwan Quantitative study (Questionnaire survey with 154 replies) |
Female-friendly hospital environment Analyzes womens’ traits and needs to determine female-friendly hospital environments |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical, psychosocial and service needs Intervention: Female-friendly hospital environments (e.g. women’s consultation or ladies’ rooms (fabrication); verbal sensitivity of gender awareness (distribution) |
|
| 43. Loeffen et al. (2018) |
The Netherlands Qualitative study (case study) |
Pediatric palliative care Implements a customized intervention for advanced care planning and anticipatory actions |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical, psychosocial and service needs (e.g. end-of-life care; links with school) Intervention: An individualized pediatric palliative care plan built on five domains (data, basics, social, psychosocial and spiritual and physical care), and promoting collaboration and anticipatory planning and action (distribution). Conceptual basis: individualized care |
|
| 44. Manegold (2014) |
Germany Recommendations (literature review) |
Advanced non-small cell lung cancer Customizes therapy for histo-typing and genotyping tumors |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical needs Intervention: Routine molecular testing for health care delivery (fabrication) |
|
| 45. McCabe et al. (2019) |
Australia Quantitative study (Comparative analysis of 92 residents) |
Elderly Assesses the impact of a customized consumer direct care model on resident quality of life |
Segmentation analysis: All types, but no clear definition Intervention: Development of staff skills in communicating with residents, organizational change and transformational leadership (distribution) Conceptual basis: Consumer-direct care |
Patient experience Significant improvement in resident quality of life |
| 46. McConnell et al. (2017) |
United Kingdom Quantitative study (Descriptive analysis based on data from UK registries) |
Cancer patients Categorizes patients (clusters of common treatment aims, experiences and outcomes) to provide a numerical framework of services according to the needs of people with different cancers |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical needs Intervention: To include data on treatment regimens, patient preferences, needs, attitudes and behaviors in group descriptions, as this information is not routinely collected in cancer registration data. To deliver personalized care based on a high-level view of potential care requirements to support service planning (fabrication and distribution) |
|
| 47. Mercer et al. (2015) |
USA Quantitative study (Comparative analysis of a pre/post intervention in 24 medically and psychosocially complex patients, with the highest rates of inpatient admissions and ED visits during a one year-analysis) |
High utilizers Develops individualized care plans to reduce unnecessary healthcare service utilization and hospital costs for complex, high utilizers of inpatient and ED care |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical, psychosocial and service needs and costs (i.e. having at least three ED visits or admissions within six months and some degree of medical, social, or behavioral complexity) Intervention: A multidisciplinary team and individualized care plan (distribution) |
Cost Significantly reduce hospital admissions (after six months), 30-day readmissions and hospital costs for complex, high-utilizers |
| 48. Minvielle et al. (2014) |
France Recommendations (literature review) |
Transversal Develops a new customized care delivery model |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical, psychosocial and services needs Intervention: A customized delivery model combining categorization systems, information technology, patient engagement and nurse navigators (distribution) Conceptual basis: MC |
|
| 49. O’Malley et al. (2019) |
USA Qualitative study (Semi-structured interviews of 34 leaders from mature Accountable Care Organizations (ACOs) and national experts |
High needs high costs (HNHC) Explores how a group of mature ACOs match patients with appropriate interventions, by segmenting HNHC populations with similar needs, into smaller subgroups |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical, psychosocial, service needs and costs Intervention: Segmentation analysis and an understanding of what skill sets and staff are needed to deliver enhanced care management (distribution) |
|
| 50. Oulton et al. (2015) |
United Kingdom Qualitative study (Ethnographic study in 27 hospital staff) |
Children with learning disabilities Understanding the needs (individualized care) of children and young people with learning disabilities, and their families during hospitalization. |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical, psychosocial and service needs Intervention: Focusing on the “little things” (e.g. music therapy) Creating a safe and familiar environment, accessing and using appropriate equipment, developing partnerships with parents (distribution) |
|
| 51. van Overveld et al. (2018) |
The Netherlands Qualitative study (Interviews with 14 patients and chairpersons of two patients associations) |
Head and neck cancer, Incorporating patient needs and preferences in integrated care |
Segmentation analysis: Psychosocial and service needs Intervention: Personalized communications, education and information that meets patient requirements. Adequate involvement of allied health professionals for physical support, and family and friends in aftercare (distribution) Conceptual basis: Patient-centered segmentation |
|
| 52. Pan et al. (2019) |
China Qualitative study (case study) |
Transversal Delivering personalized recommendations of physician assortments to patients with heterogeneous illnesses, and selecting one physician according to patient preferences |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical and psychosocial needs (i.e. preferences about physician profiles) Intervention: An algorithm supporting a web-based appointment system that optimizes physician-patient assortments according to patient preferences (fabrication) Conceptual basis: Customized dynamic assortment planning with demand learning |
|
| 53. Papastavrou et al. (2015) |
International Quantitative study (Survey questionnaire of 1163 nurse’s perception across seven countries) |
Acute orthopedic and trauma surgical inpatients Assessing if nurses’ views of their professional practice environments are associated with their views on care individualization levels |
Segmentation analysis: All types, but no clear definition Intervention: Considers professional practice environment elements associated with care individualization (e.g. internal work motivation, cultural sensitivity, teamwork and staff relationships with physicians) (distribution) Conceptual basis: The revised professional practice environment model; individualized care |
|
| 54. Peter & Lupsa (2019) |
USA Recommendations (literature review) |
Diabetes type 2 Personalizing the management of patients with type 2 diabetes |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical, psychosocial and service needs Intervention: Tailoring medical therapy (distribution) |
|
| 55. Petry et al. (2019) |
Switzerland Qualitative study (Semi-structured, individual or dyadic interviews with 19 elderly patients) |
Elderly patients with cognitive impairments Understanding the experiences and needs of older persons with cognitive impairment, and their families |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical, psychosocial and service needs (with a focus on family members) Intervention: A customized intervention based on various dimensions (e.g. caring attentiveness and responsiveness, access to staff and information, participation in care, and support over time) (distribution) |
|
| 56. Pilotto et al. (2017) |
Italy Recommendations (literature review) |
Elderly Assessing the impact of a Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment (CGA) model in determining clinical profiles, pathological risks and prognoses, and facilitating clinical decision-making on the personalized care plans of older persons |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical and psychosocial needs (e.g. age, medical comorbidities, psychosocial problems, previous or predicted high healthcare utilization, changes in living situation, and specific geriatric conditions) Intervention: Tailored programs in older frail patients based on CGA programs Conceptual basis: A comprehensive geriatric assessment |
|
| 57. Powell et al. (2018) |
USA Quantitative study (Comparative analysis of a pre-post intervention in 242 sickle cell disease (SCD) patients) |
Sickle cell disease patients Assessing the impact of a customized intervention on ED visits and hospitalization |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical needs and costs (i.e. acute care utilization for adults with SCD) Intervention: A multidisciplinary care team intervention, including monthly team meetings and development of individualized care plans (i.e. pain management plans) (distribution) |
Cost A significant decrease in ED use of SCD patients, in individuals with a history of high ED use |
| 58. Price et al. (2018) |
Australia Quantitative study (Regression analysis of 383 patients) |
Cardiovascular disease prevention Evaluating the adaptation of a phone-based cardiac coaching program for Greek and Italian populations |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical and psychosocial needs Intervention: Adaptation of a coaching program according to cultural needs (e.g. education regarding diet differs between Greeks, Italians and English groups’ lifestyles) (distribution) |
|
| 59. Rose (2018) |
Australia Quantitative study (Cross-sectional study of 250 patients from three radiotherapy departments) |
Radiotherapy Assessing patients on their perceptions of individualized care provided by nurses |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical, psychosocial and service needs Intervention: Patient characteristics, such as age, gender, and education may not predict how patients support tailored interventions Health messages achieving a level of personal relevance (e.g. technology awareness) to affect behavior change (distribution) Conceptual basis: Individualized care |
|
| 60. Rydback and Hyder (2018) |
Philippines Qualitative study (Semi-structured interviews with 18 managers from health-care providers and supporting organizations) |
Medical tourism A customized approach offering satisfactory health-care services to patients in unfamiliar settings |
Segmentation analysis: Psychosocial and service needs (e.g. related to cultural values; visa extension; price transparency) Intervention: Concierge service that mitigates the negative impact of an unfamiliar context (e.g. transportation service (fabrication) Well-trained and multilingual staff answering patient preferences and addressing cultural values (distribution) Conceptual basis: MC in medical tourism |
|
| 61. Sawamura et al. (2013) |
Japan Quantitative study (questionnaire survey) |
Elderly Assessing the role of nursing home models in meeting resident preferences |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical, psychosocial and service needs (e.g. preferences about wake-up, dressing assistance in the morning, meals, bathing, toilet assistance, and spare time) Intervention: Structural customization (unit-care model facilities in comparison to group-care model facilities and conventional facilities) Conceptual basis: Individualized care |
Patient experience More choice in menus and activities programs for spare time in unit-care model and group care model facilities |
| 62. Seeleman et al. (2015) |
The Netherlands Qualitative study (Comparative case study analysis) |
Transversal Assessing organizational responsiveness to diversity (i.e. diverse group needs that differ from the main population) |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical, psychosocial and service needs Intervention: Organizational factors (i.e. leadership and performance measures at management level) A competent and diverse workforce (e.g. higher degree of linguistic and ethnic concordance between patients and staff) Responsiveness in care provision (e.g. specific needs for migrants) (fabrication, distribution) Conceptual basis: Organizational approach to diversity |
|
| 63. Seyyed Rasooli et al. (2013) |
Iran Quantitative study (Interviews and questionnaires with 400 inpatients’ from internal and surgical units in teaching hospitals) |
Hospitalized patients Assessing patient perceptions of nurses’ support for individualized care |
Segmentation analysis: All types, but no clear definition Intervention: To adapt routine procedures in work organization, according to patient needs (in particular, for patient’s personal life outside hospital, i.e. occupation and social life) (distribution) Conceptual basis: Individualized care |
|
| 64. Suhonen et al. (2014) |
Finland Quantitative study (Regression analysis of 874 nurses) |
Elderly Investigating associations among nurses’ practices factors and individualized care for older people |
Segmentation: Note clear definition, all needs Intervention: Nurses’ practices factors (ethical climate, professional practice environment and level of perceived individualized care) that improve individualized care (distribution) |
|
| 65. Swartz et al. (2017) |
Canada Quantitative study (Regression analysis of 246 surgical or diagnostic procedures in 224 patients) |
Children with autism spectrum disorder Assessing an individualized plan based on the provision of preoperative sedation, stratified by autism spectrum severity levels, before surgical procedures |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical needs (i.e. level of autism spectrum disorder severity level) Intervention: A dedicated multidisciplinary and flexible perioperative program (e.g. cooperation of patients, adequate preparation) (distribution) |
|
| 66. Tuttle and Alzahrani (2019) |
International Recommendations (literature review and author experience) |
Thyroid cancer Implementing individualized care plans for patients with differentiated thyroid cancer |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical needs (dynamic clinical risk assessment to guide all aspects of thyroid cancer management) Intervention: To tailor therapy and follow-up intensity to the estimated risks of recurrence and disease-specific mortality (distribution) |
|
| 67. Veterans Health Administration Transmittal Sheet (2018) |
USA Recommendations (directive) |
Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender (LGBT) Defining recommendations for customized care delivery to LGBT patients |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical, psychosocial and service needs Intervention: Room assignments and specific access to facilities like restrooms (fabrication) Medical benefits package (e.g. hormonal therapy, pre- and post-operative evaluation) (assembly) LGBT coordinator (distribution) |
|
| 68. Vuik et al. (2016) |
United Kingdom Qualitative study (Comparative analysis based on international case studies) |
Transversal Proposing targeted population strategies in integrated care |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical, psychosocial and service needs Intervention: Tailoring care models depending on a segmentation logic (e.g. data availability, cost of appropriate linked data set) (distribution) Conceptual basis: Population strategies in integrated care |
|
| 69. Williams et al. (2018) |
USA Qualitative study (case study) |
Genomic information Implementing population-based genomic medicine in an integrated learning healthcare system |
Segmentation analysis: Clinical needs (i.e. genomic information) Intervention: Bioinformatics analysis of genomic information (fabrication) Multidisciplinary collaboration (primary care, specialist, clinical genomics team) (distribution) International standards that represent genomic data in EHR systems Conceptual basis: Precision medicine/ personalized medicine |
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| 70. Wittink et al. (2018) |
USA Quantitative study (Randomized trial in a healthcare delivery context with 60 patients) |
Patients with multiple chronic conditions Assessing the impact of a customized intervention (a novel technology-based intervention called “Customized Care on stressor disclosure” - i.e. financial, safety, transportation stressors) |
Segmentation analysis: Psychosocial needs (i.e. financial, safety and transportation stressors) Intervention: Web application to improve patient-general practitioner communications (fabrication) |
Patient experience Improvements in the likelihood of stressor disclosure, without affecting visit length with the general practitioner |