Table 2.
Baseline predictors of unacceptable pain in early RA – 6 months, 1, 2 and 5 years after diagnosis
| 6 months | 1 year | 2 years | 5 years | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Odds ratio (95% CI) | Odds ratio (95% CI) | Odds ratio (95% CI) | Odds ratio (95% CI) |
| Female sex | 0.94 (0.51–1.73) | 0.93 (0.49–1.75) | 2.48 (1.24 –5.0) | 1.24 (0.62–2.47) |
| RF seropositivity | 1.54 (0.86–2.74) | 1.03 (0.57–1.87) | 1.35 (0.75–2.45) | 0.88 (0.46–1.67) |
| Anti-CCP seropositivity | 1.20 (0.65–2.19) | 1.63 (0.87–3.07) | 1.09 (0.59–2.03) | 0.77 (0.39–1.49) |
| Erosion | 0.53 (0.22–1.24) | 0.55 (0.23–1.34) | 0.41 (0.16–1.06) | 0.62 (0.26–1.49) |
| Age | 0.86 (0.65–1.14) | 0.82 (0.61–1.08) | 0.71 (0.54–0.95) | 1.09 (0.80–1.49) |
| Symptom duration | 1.11 (0.83–1.47) | 1.22 (0.91–1.64) | 1.03 (0.77–1.37) | 1.28 (0.93–1.76) |
| Body Mass Index | 1.17 (0.85–1.62) | 1.04 (0.74–1.45) | 0.98 (0.70–1.38) | 0.95 (0.64–1.40) |
| Current smoking | 1.24 (0.62–2.46) | 1.53 (0.76–3.08) | 0.72 (0.34–1.52) | 1.39 (0.64–3.02) |
| Grip force | 0.83 (0.61–1.14) | 0.73 (0.52–1.04) | 0.71 (0.51–0.99) | 0.90 (0.65–1.24) |
| VAS pain | 1.50 (1.12–1.99) | 1.69 (1.25–2.30) | 1.55 (1.15–2.09) | 1.40 (1.02–1.91) |
| DAS28 | 1.44 (1.08–1.93) | 1.26 (0.94–1.69) | 1.25 (0.94–1.67) | 1.03 (0.76–1.41) |
| SJC28 | 1.05 (0.80–1.38) | 0.83 (0.62–1.12) | 0.94 (0.71–1.25) | 0.71 (0.51–0.99) |
| TJC28 | 1.24 (0.94–1.62) | 1.20 (0.91–1.59) | 1.11 (0.85–1.46) | 0.98 (0.71–1.35) |
| HAQ | 1.31 (0.99–1.74) | 1.46 (1.10–1.95) | 1.57 (1.18–2.11) | 1.01 (0.74–1.37) |
| CRP < 9 mg/l | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) | 1.00 (reference) |
| CRP 9–27.4 mg/l | 0.77 (0.39–1.51) | 1.09 (0.55–2.17) | 0.64 (0.31–1.31) | 1.16 (0.57–2.38) |
| CRP 27.5–174 mg/l | 0.82 (0.41–1.63) | 0.79 (0.38–1.64) | 0.96 (0.48–1.94) | 0.60 (0.27–1.36) |
| ESR (mm/h) | 1.17 (0.89–1.54) | 0.99 (0.74–1.32) | 1.14 (0.86–1.51) | 0.79 (0.57–1.09) |
| VAS PGA | 1.59 (1.19–2.12) | 1.44 (1.07–1.94) | 1.52 (1.13–2.05) | 1.60 (1.16–2.21) |
Legend: Univariate logistic regression analysis. Odds ratios are calculated per standard deviation for continuous variables. Values in bold indicate statistical significance with p values < 0.05. Unacceptable pain: VAS pain > 40. CI confidence interval, RF rheumatoid factor, Anti-CCP anti-cyclic citrullinated peptide, VAS visual analogue scale, DAS28 disease activity score in 28 joints, SJC28 swollen joint count in 28 joints, TJC28 tender joint count in 28 joints, HAQ health assessment questionnaire, CRP C-reactive protein, ESR erythrocyte sedimentation rate, PGA patient global assessment