Figure 8. BSJPF suppresses proliferation and reshape the tumor microenvironment in ccRCC xenograft mouse model.

(A–C) To further confirm the effect of BSJPF on ccRCC cell proliferation, a xenograft mouse model was constructed by subcutaneously injecting nude mice with RENCA cells. Tumor size and volume were significantly inhibited in BSJPF group compared with normal control. In order to detect whether BSJPF affecting the predicted hub genes using bioinformatics, potential targets involved in glycolysis and tumor immune microenvironment bas been evaluated. (D) Expression levels of VEGF-A marked decreased and heparin binding-EGF expression was increased in BSJPF group. (E) Importantly, it suggested that BSJPF could inhibits tumor proliferation via enhancing GLUT1- and LDHA-related glycolysis. (F) Interestingly, BSJPF also significantly increase the expression of immune checkpoint molecules PDL1 and CTLA-4. It indicated that BSJPF may shape the immune-rejection type tumor microenvironment, which may allow ccRCC patients to benefit from immunotherapy.