Table 1. The characteristics of the included studies.
| Study | Country | Sample size (Female/male) | Intervention | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trial group | Control group | Trial group | Control group | |||
| Wang et al., 2020 [16] | Australia | 36 (18/18) | 34 (21/13) | Curcuma longa extract 1000 mg | Placebo | |
| Jamali et al., 2020 [17] | Iran | 36 (22/14) | 36 (23/13) | Curcumin ointment | Placebo (Vaseline ointment) | |
| Henrotin et al., 2019 [18] | Belgium | 96 (79/17) | 45 (34/11) | Curcuma longa extract 280 or 197 mg | Placebo | |
| Hashemzadeh et al., 2020 [19] | Iran | 36 (29/7) | 35 (31/4) | Curcuminoids (SinaCurcumin™) 40 mg | Placebo | |
| Shep et al., 2019 [20] | India | 70 (48/21) | 69 (45/25) | Curcumin (BCM-95®) 1500 mg | Diclofenac sodium 100 mg | |
| Panahi et al., 2016 [30] | Iran | 19 (14/5) | 21 (17/4) | Curcuminoids (C3 complex®) 1500 mg | Placebo (inert starch) | |
| Haroyan et al., 2018 [31] | Armenia | 66 (62/5) | 68 (65/3) | Curcuminoids 999 mg (CuraMed® 1500 mg) | Placebo | |
| Kertia et al., 2012 [32] | Indonesia | 39 (24/15) | 41 (29/12) | Curcuminoid 90 mg | Diclofenac sodium 90 mg | |
| Kuptniratsaikul et al., 2009 [33] | Thailand | 52 (41/11) | 55 (45/10) | Curcuma longa extract 2000 mg | Ibuprofen 800 mg | |
| Panahi et al., 2014 [34] | Iran | 19 (14/5) | 21 (17/4) | Curcuminoid 1500 mg | Placebo (inert starch) | |
| Kuptniratsaikul et al., 2014 [35] | Thailand | 171 (157/14) | 160 (139/21) | Curcuma longa extract 1500 mg | Ibuprofen 1200 mg | |
| Nakagawa et al., 2014 [36] | Japan | 18 (14/4) | 23 (18/5) | Curcumin 180 mg | Placebo | |
| Pinsornsak et al., 2012 [37] | Thailand | 44 | 44 (total: 62/13) | Curcumin 1000 mg+diclofenac 75 mg | Diclofenac 75 mg | |
| Madhu et al., 2013 [38] | India | 60 (41/19) | 60 (42/18) | Curcuma longa extract 1000 mg or Curcuma longa extract 1000 mg+Glucosamine 1500 mg | Glucosamine 1500 mg or Placebo (Microcrystalline cellulose) 800mg | |
| Srivastava et al., 2016 [39] | India | 78 (53/25) | 82 (50/32) | Curcuma longa extract 500 mg+Diclofenac 50 mg | Placebo 500 mg+Diclofenac 50 mg | |
| Study | Relevant outcomes | Mean age (years) | BMI | Duration | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trial group | Control group | Trial group | Control group | |||
| Wang et al., 2020 [16] | VAS, WOMAC score, adverse events | 61.3 ± 8.5 | 62.4 ± 8.8 | 29.9 ± 6.3 | 30.6 ± 7.2 | 12 weeks |
| Jamali et al., 2020 [17] | VAS, adverse events | 68.86 ± 6.27 | 67.94 ± 6.72 | 27.59 ± 3.43 | 27.54 ± 3.96 | 6 weeks |
| Henrotin et al., 2019 [18] | VAS, KOOS, adverse events | 60.9 ± 9.78; 61.4 ± 7.49 | 63.3 ± 7.69 | 29.4 ± 4.87; 30.4 ± 5.32 | 29.4 ± 5.2 | 12 weeks |
| Hashemzadeh et al., 2020 [19] | WOMAC score, adverse events | 54.11 ± 5.80 | 56.54 ± 5.77 | - | - | 6 weeks |
| Shep et al., 2019 [20] | VAS, KOOS, adverse events | 53.09 ± 4.17 | 52.14 ± 3.76 | - | - | 4 weeks |
| Panahi et al., 2016 [30] | SOD, GSH, MDA | 57.32 ± 8.78 | 57.57 ± 9.05 | 28.75 ± 3.17 | 29.64 ± 4.46 | 6 weeks |
| Haroyan et al., 2018 [31] | WOMAC score, adverse events | 54.65 ± 8.84 | 56.04 ± 8.55 | 28.33 ± 3.6 | 28.81 ± 3.36 | 12 weeks |
| Kertia et al., 2012 [32] | COX-2 | 64.05 ± 8.83 | 64.56 ± 8.86 | 26.28 ± 3.62 | 26.44 ± 4.79 | 4 weeks |
| Kuptniratsaikul et al., 2009 [33] | VAS, adverse events | 61.4 ± 8.7 | 60.0 ± 8.4 | 26.4 ± 3.7 | 26.8 ± 4.8 | 6 weeks |
| Panahi et al., 2014 [34] | VAS, WOMAC score, adverse events | 57.32 ± 8.78 | 57.57 ± 9.05 | 28.75 ± 3.17 | 28.75 ± 3.17 | 6 weeks |
| Kuptniratsaikul et al., 2014 [35] | WOMAC score, adverse events | 60.3 ± 6.8 | 60.9 ± 6.9 | 26.5 ± 3.7 | 26.6 ± 4.0 | 4 weeks |
| Nakagawa et al., 2014 [36] | VAS, adverse events | 71.9 ± 5.3 | 66.1 ± 7.2 | 25.1 ± 2.7 | 24.8 ± 2.3 | 8 weeks |
| Pinsornsak et al., 2012 [37] | VAS | - | - | - | - | 12 weeks |
| Madhu et al., 2013 [38] | VAS, adverse events | 56.63 ± 10.58; 58.17 ± 9.30 | 56.80 ± 7.99; 56.77 ± 9.98 | 27.01 ± 4.60; 27.89 ± 5.20 | 27.80 ± 3.08; 27.97 ± 4.21 | 6 weeks |
| Srivastava et al., 2016 [39] | VAS, WOMAC score, adverse events | 50.23 ± 8.08 | 50.27 ± 8.63 | 28.32 ± 5.06 | 27.40 ± 5.76 | 16 weeks |