Commitment of human PP cells toward the acinar and ductal lineages
(A) Schematic of the duct-like and acinus-like organoid induction protocols.
(B) Phase-contrast images of organoids during 16-day culture (n = 3, independent cultures). Scale bar, 50 μm.
(C) Changes in total area and form factor (circularity index) of organoids during morphogenesis (n > 150, n = 3 independent cultures). Box-and-whisker plot, range 5%–95%; center lines indicate median values; gray dots represent individual measurements. ∗∗∗p < 0.001.
(D) Immunostaining for collagen IV (red), DAPI (blue), and ZO1 (green). Scale bar, 50 μm.
(E) TEM images of acinar and ductal organoids. Red arrow, electron-dense vesicles; N, nucleus; L, lumen. DU (blue), duct-like organoid; AC (orange), acinus-like organoid.