Priya 2002.

Study characteristics
Methods	Study design: parallel‐group randomized controlled trial Sample size: 50 Country: India Setting: secondary care hospital Dates conducted: not reported Postoperative opioid used and delivery: IV tramadol Pain score collection: blinded investigator Concurrent postoperative analgesics: none reported
Participants	Inclusion criteria ASA 1 or 2 Elective breast surgery such as lumpectomy, simple mastectomy and modified radical mastectomy Exclusion criteria Less than 18 years or more than 65 years of age Allergy to any NSAID Renal disease Asthma Coagulopathy Peptic ulcer disease
Interventions	Group I (25 participants): 100 mg IV ketoprofen 30 minutes before incision and saline immediately after incision Group II (25 participants): 100 mg IV ketoprofen immediately after incision and saline placebo 30 minutes before incision
Outcomes	Postoperative pain (0‐10 cm VAS at 1, 1.5, 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16, 18 and 20 hours postoperatively) Time to analgesia (hours) Number of analgesics (number during follow‐up) PONV (1‐5 scale during follow‐up, number with a score of 5 (nausea and vomiting) included in analysis)
Notes	Funding: "None" Declarations of interest: "None" Authors contacted: no Other: time to analgesia reported as time‐to‐event but not enough information to extract data
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	Computer‐generated. Quote: "...computer‐generated table of random numbers"
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Unclear risk	No details
Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Double‐dummy placebo. Quote: "This infusion was completed 30 minutes before the surgical incision was taken. 100 ml plain normal saline was infused over 15 minutes immediately after surgical incision in this group".
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Blinded. Quote: "...were recorded by an independent, blinded observer"
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	All participants completed study.
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Unclear risk	No protocol
Other bias	High risk	Participants excluded from pain scores once received analgesia