Table 1. Effect of the presence or absence of the calf after an estrous synchronization program on reproductive variables in postpartum Bos indicus cows.

Variables (h)		VISUAL n = 17	NC n = 17	CTRL n = 12
Implant withdrawal/ weaning to:	Onset of estrus	34.9 + 6.4	34.8 + 6.2	36.5 + 10.6
	End of estrus	42.3 + 5.5	46.7 + 4.2	46.5 + 9.2
	Ovulation	67.4 + 11.3	72.0 + 14.9	73.5 + 12.4
	LH increase	42.5 + 8.2	47.4 + 11.8	48.0 + 8.5
Onset of estrus to ovulation		32.7 + 8.9	34.3 + 10.7	31.0*
End of estrus to ovulation		24.7 + 10.7	22.2 + 10.8	20.0*
LH increase to ovulation		24.9 + 8.0	24.5 + 8.6	25.5 + 5.7

VISUAL = calves partially removed; NC = calves completely removed; CTRL= calves were not removed; Variables are expressed in means ± SD; *Values represent one observation of a cow that displayed estrous behavior and had an ovulation.