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. 2021 Jun 14;11:12495. doi: 10.1038/s41598-021-90589-6

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Olive leaf extract (Olea) prevented behavioral changes induced by inactivity and intake of a HFD. (A) Accuracy rate in the Y-maze test, (B) immobility time in the contextual fear conditioning test, (C) sucrose preference ratio in the sucrose preference test, (D) immobility time in the forced swim test, (E) hippocampal lipid peroxide content, (F) hippocampal SOD activity, (G) hippocampal TRAP level, (H) mRNA expression levels of TGR5, BDNF, PGC-1α, and Sirt1 in the hippocampus by real-time polymerase chain reaction analysis, and (I) CS activity in the hippocampus. Data are expressed as mean ± SEM. *p < 0.05 vs control, ^#p < 0.05 vs PI + HFD as determined by one-way ANOVA.