Table 1.
Baseline characteristics of the study participants.
| Stable normal weight | Stable overweight | Lean increasing weight | Overweight from early adulthood | Overweight from late adulthood | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| (n = 2966) | (n = 469) | (n = 1279) | (n = 1497) | (n = 992) | |
| Sex n (%) | |||||
| Female | 2158 (72.8%) | 328 (69.9%) | 833 (65.1%) | 843 (56.3%) | 658 (66.3%) |
| Male | 808 (27.2%) | 141 (30.1%) | 446 (34.9%) | 654 (43.7%) | 334 (33.7%) |
| Mean age (SD) | 47.3 (5.1) | 46.4 (4.9) | 47.3 (4.8) | 46.4 (5.3) | 47.82 (3.6) |
| Mean BMI (SD) | 23.2 (1.9) | 31.5 (4.9) | 23.2 (2.5) | 29.6 (3.4) | 27.0 (1.9) |
| Family history of diabetes n (%) | 1430 (48.2%) | 299(63.8%) | 658 (51.4%) | 862 (57.6%) | 558 (56.3%) |
| History of gestational diabetes n (%) | 58 (2.7%) | 20 (6.1%) | 28 (3.4%) | 66 (7.8%) | 20 (3.0%) |
| Self-reported general health n (%) | |||||
| Very good | 1358 (45.8%) | 156 (33.3%) | 518 (40.5%) | 529 (35.4%) | 372 (37.6%) |
| Good | 1431 (48.3%) | 264 (56.3%) | 641 (50.2%) | 803 (53.7%) | 536 (54.1%) |
| Neither good nor bad | 132 (4.5%) | 37 (7.9%) | 90 (7.0%) | 122 (8.2%) | 57 (5.8%) |
| Bad or very bad | 44 (1.5%) | 12 (2.6%) | 29 (2.3%) | 42 (2.8%) | 25 (2.5%) |
| Chronic disease n (%) | 709 (24.0%) | 151 (32.3%) | 387 (30.4%) | 455 (30.7%) | 290 (29.4%) |
| Education level n (%) | |||||
| Primary or secondary education | 863 (29.1%) | 175 (37.4%) | 391 (30.7%) | 584 (39.2%) | 365 (36.9%) |
| High school | 1065 (36.0%) | 182 (38.9%) | 460 (36.1%) | 575 (38.6%) | 370 (37.4%) |
| University or higher | 1034 (34.9%) | 111 (23.7%) | 424 (33.3%) | 331 (22.2%) | 254 (25.7%) |
| Mean systolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 118.8 (14.9) | 128.0 (16.3) | 120.9 (15.4) | 127.6 (16.0) | 125.0 (15.1) |
| Mean diastolic blood pressure (mmHg) | 74.3 (9.4) | 80.2 (10.1) | 75.6 (9.7) | 80.0 (10.0) | 78.4 (9.3) |
| Self-reported physical activity n (%) | |||||
| Much less | 100 (3.4%) | 48 (10.3%) | 54 (4.2%) | 119 (8.0%) | 63 (6.4%) |
| Somewhat less | 428 (14.5%) | 122 (26.1%) | 264 (20.7%) | 379 (25.4%) | 198 (20.0%) |
| Around the same | 1341 (45.3%) | 202 (43.2%) | 572 (44.8%) | 667 (44.7%) | 454 (45.8%) |
| Somewhat more | 835 (28.2%) | 84 (17.9%) | 316 (24.7%) | 264 (17.7%) | 232 (23.4%) |
| Much more | 257 (8.7%) | 12 (2.6%) | 72 (5.6%) | 63 (4.2%) | 44 (4.4%) |
| Smoking category n (%) | |||||
| Never smoked | 1152 (38.9%) | 176 (37.6%) | 473 (37.0%) | 540 (36.1%) | 352 (35.5%) |
| Current smoker | 1005 (33.9%) | 164 (35.0%) | 499 (39.0%) | 568 (38.0%) | 409 (41.2%) |
| Previous smoker | 807 (27.2%) | 128 (27.4%) | 306 (23.9%) | 388 (25.9%) | 231 (23.3%) |