. 2021 May 31;63(3):531–544. doi: 10.5187/jast.2021.e53

Table 4. Effects of short-term exposure to heat stress or thermal-neutral conditions on plasma concentrations (µg/mL) of nonprotein amino acids in growing pigs.

Amino acid¹⁾	Treatment²⁾				SEM	p-value
Amino acid¹⁾	TN(-1D)	HS	TN(2D)	TN(5D)	SEM	p-value
P-Ser	4.08	3.93	3.70	3.48	0.10	0.238
Tau	13.70	16.05	11.30	12.08	1.19	0.512
PEA	1.07	0.92	0.97	0.94	0.09	0.936
Urea	269.88	421.27	311.42	287.10	26.16	0.191
Sar	2.18	2.53	2.77	2.88	0.13	0.276
α-AAA	11.17	12.45	15.52	15.50	1.11	0.416
Cit	74.55	77.48	99.28	76.98	4.17	0.150
α-ABA	8.30^b	11.03^a	9.38^b	9.24^b	0.27	0.013
Cysthi	3.95	4.85	4.52	4.94	0.19	0.263
β-Ala	6.93^b	9.52^a	8.82^a	9.08^a	0.32	0.040
β-AiBA	0.85	1.15	0.47	0.88	0.18	0.245
GABA	0.42	0.42	0.50	0.50	0.07	0.941
Orn	17.42	18.12	21.78	22.12	1.63	0.648
1-Mehis	2.15	3.15	1.78	1.72	0.27	0.229
3-Mehis	1.72	1.80	1.58	1.72	0.08	0.790
Car	5.08	9.70	4.60	4.18	0.90	0.139

¹⁾

P-Ser, phosphoserine; Tau, taurine; PEA, phosphoethanolamine; Sar, sarcosine; α-AAA, α-aminoadipic acid; Cit, citrulline; α-ABA, α-aminobutyric acid; Cysthi, cystathionine; β-Ala, β-alanine; β-AiBA, β-aminoisobutyric acid; GABA, γ-aminobutyric acid; Orn, ornithine; 1-Mehis, 1-methylhistidine; 3-Mehis, 3-methylhistidine; Car, carnosine.

²⁾

TN(-1D), thermal-neutral condition; HS, heat stress condition; TN(2D), 2 d of thermal-neutral recovery; TN(5D), 5 d of thermal-neutral recovery.

^a,b

Mean values with Duncan analysis (p < 0.05).