Fig. 5.

GABA_A agonist, GBX, treatment modestly ameliorated cognitive performance of 5XFAD mouse model. A The schematic diagram for the timeline of drug treatment and behavioral tests. The 5XFAD male mice at 3.5 months old were randomly divided into two groups for unilateral intraventricular drug delivery. The GBX (5 μM) or saline was loaded into an osmotic pump, which provided drug/saline at a speed of 0.25 μL/h to right lateral ventricle. The osmotic administration lasted for 28 days. B Contextual fear conditioning (CFC) test was performed to determine fear memory ability in GBX-treated mice and saline-treated mice. Two-way ANOVA followed with Bonferroni’s multiple comparisons test was used, mean ± SEM, n = 3 in saline-treated mice, n = 4 in GBX-treated mice. C–E In episodic-like memory test, the exploration time (C, the total time taken in discrimination trial), old vs. recent index (D, time spent with (old − recent)/time spent with (old + recent)), displaced vs. stationary index (E, time spent with (displaced − stationary)/time spent with (displaced + stationary)). All values are presented as the mean ± SEM and analyzed by unpaired Student’s t-test, *p = 0.0321 in D, and the dots show the number of mice used in each group, n = 3 in saline-treated mice, n = 4 in GBX-treated mice