Figure 2.

The co-housing experiment was conducted to examine the gut microbiota-dependent effect of APS. HFD_CoH or APS_CoH represents mice that are from either HFD or APS groups were co-housed within same cages for another 8 weeks to let their gut microbiota transferred naturally (a). (b) Body weight (g). (c) Average energy intake per mouse before and after co-housing (kcal/day). (d) Serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) levels (U/L). (e) Representative photomicrographs of liver tissues with H&E (magnification, ×200, 50 μm). (f) Sobs, Chao, Ace, and Shannon index. (g) Weighted UniFrac based PCoA analysis among groups (ANOSIM, R = 0.4072, P = .004), between HFD and APS group (ANOSIM, R = 0.7963, P = .051), or HFD and HFD_CoH group (ANOSIM, R = 0.9792, P = .034), or APS and APS_CoH group (ANOSIM, R = 0.0359, P = .529). Data are presented as the mean ± s.e.m.; *p < .05, **p < .01