Table 3. Predictors of vaccine hesitancy tested by univariate and multivariate binary logistic regression.
| Variable | Levels | Acceptance | Hesitance | Univariate | Multivariate |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| N (%) | N (%) | OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | ||
| Age | Below 29 | 2702 (17.1) | 13,069 (82.9) | – | – |
| 30–39 | 1917 (16.6) | 9648 (83.4) | 1.04 (0.98–1.11) | 1.18 (1.10–1.26) | |
| 40–49 | 987 (16.7) | 4932 (83.3) | 1.03 (0.95–1.12) | 1.14 (1.05–1.24) | |
| 50–59 | 408 (17.7) | 1893 (82.3) | 0.96 (0.86–1.08) | 1.03 (0.91–1.17) | |
| Over 60 | 149 (22.4) | 515 (77.6) | 0.71 (0.59–0.86) | 0.89 (0.73–1.09) | |
| Chronic diseases |
No | 5085 (16.7) | 25,296 (83.3) | – | – |
| Yes | 1078 (18.5) | 4761 (81.5) | 0.89 (0.83–0.96) | 0.91 (0.84–0.99) | |
| Country | Arab countries | 5032 (16.7) | 25,168 (83.3) | – | – |
| Other countries | 1131 (18.8) | 4889 (81.2) | 0.86 (0.80–0.93) | 0.90 (0.84–0.98) | |
| Academic education |
Higher education | 4079 (18.3) | 18,157 (81.7) | – | – |
| Lower education | 2084 (14.9) | 11,900 (85.1) | 1.28 (1.21–1.36) | 1.18 (1.11–1.26) | |
| Had COVID |
No | 3390 (18.7) | 14,735 (81.3) | – | – |
| Not sure | 1743 (15.2) | 9715 (84.8) | 1.28 (1.20–1.37) | 1.30 (1.22–1.39) | |
| Yes | 1030 (15.5) | 5607 (84.5) | 1.25 (1.16–1.35) | 1.32 (1.22–1.43) | |
| Job | HCW | 1522 (26.7) | 4186 (73.3) | – | – |
| Not HCW | 4641 (15.2) | 25,871 (84.8) | 2.03 (1.90–2.17) | 1.82 (1.70–1.96) | |
| Gender | Male | 4487 (20.4) | 17,553 (79.6) | – | – |
| Female | 1676 (11.8) | 12,504 (88.2) | 1.91 (1.80–2.03) | 1.90 (1.79–2.03) | |
| Vaccine type unknown |
No | 4506 (21.3) | 16,657 (78.7) | – | – |
| Yes | 1657 (11.0) | 13,400 (89.0) | 2.19 (2.06–2.33) | 1.93 (1.81–2.06) | |
| Annual influenza vaccine |
Yearly | 413 (45.5) | 495 (54.5) | – | – |
| Some years | 919 (31.6) | 1992 (68.4) | 1.81 (1.55–2.11) | 1.57 (1.34–1.83) | |
| Rarely | 901 (20.7) | 3460 (79.3) | 3.20 (2.76–3.72) | 2.70 (2.31–3.15) | |
| Never | 3930 (14.0) | 24,110 (86.0) | 5.12 (4.47–5.86) | 4.08 (3.54–4.70) |