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. 2021 Feb 22;203(5):2157–2170. doi: 10.1007/s00203-021-02196-8

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© The Author(s) 2021

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 6 — Co-occurrence networks of healthy and diseased American ginseng in new and old ginseng fields. Networks were constructed using pairwise Spearman’s rank correlation coefficients at the genus level (Spearman’s rho > 0.9, P < 0.05). Node size is proportional to degree. Labels only displayed parts of nodes with LefSe biomarkers or degrees ≥ 5. Positive (red edges) and negative (blue edges) correlations between nodes are shown. a–d Represent ND, NH, OD and OH samples, respectively. ND new ginseng field with symptomatic American ginseng, NH new ginseng field with asymptomatic American ginseng, OD old ginseng field with symptomatic American ginseng, OH old ginseng field with asymptomatic American ginseng (color figure online)