. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2022 Jul 1.

Published in final edited form as: Patient Educ Couns. 2020 Dec 25;104(7):1806–1813. doi: 10.1016/j.pec.2020.12.023

Table 2.

Barriers and facilitators for informal advance care planning among midlife and older adults.

	Unadjusted			Adjusted (Adj. R² = 0.24)

	uOR	p	95%CI	aOR	p	95%CI
Individual factors
Confidence in ACP	2.11^*	<0.001	1.70, 2.61	2.02^*	<0.001	1.64, 2.49
Worry about health	1.01	0.915	0.87, 1.17	1.31	0.271	0.81, 2.12
Self-rated health	1.11	0.235	0.94, 1.31	1.12	0.430	0.85, 1.48
Push away thoughts about death	0.58^*	0.002	0.41, 0.83	0.72	0.094	0.49, 1.06
Life threatening illness - self	2.62^*	0.001	1.48, 4.64	2.11^*	0.028	1.08, 4.12
Medical occupation - self	1.04	0.908	0.51, 2.14	0.97	0.917	0.54, 1.73
ACP motivation - Religious or spiritual reasons	1.15	0.504	0.77, 1.71	0.94	0.803	0.59, 1.50
ACP motivation - Reduce suffering at EOL	1.26	0.184	0.90, 1.76	1.08	0.724	0.70, 1.65
ACP motivation - EOL care concordant with preferences	1.79^*	0.001	1.27, 2.54	1.25	0.281	0.83, 1.88
Interpersonal factors
Satisfied with personal relationships	1.25^*	0.007	1.06, 1.48	1.32	0.195	0.87, 1.99
Other persons’ discomfort impedes ACP conversations	0.66^*	0.045	0.44, 0.99	0.75	0.198	0.48, 1.16
Life threatening illness - Family member	1.39	0.057	0.99, 1.96	0.93	0.719	0.62, 1.39
Medical occupation - family	1.44	0.051	1.00, 2.09	1.19	0.429	0.77, 1.83
Designated as health care decision-maker for someone else	4.97^*	<0.001	3.41, 7.26	2.97^*	<0.001	1.89, 4.67
Served as medical decision maker for someone else	2.27^*	<0.001	1.60, 3.22	1.23	0.365	0.79, 1.91
One or more negative EOL stories in personal network	2.69^*	<0.001	1.93, 3.73	2.05^*	<0.001	1.39, 3.03
ACP motivation - Ease EOL decision making for others	3.03^*	<0.001	1.87, 4.91	2.11^*	0.002	1.31, 3.39
ACP motivation - Reduce financial costs at EOL	1.12	0.488	0.81, 1.57	0.67	0.067	0.43, 1.03
Health care factors
Provider brought up ACP	3.79^*	<0.001	2.47, 5.80	2.72^*	<0.001	1.65, 4.48
Usual source of care - Provider’s office/clinic	1.96^*	0.022	1.10, 3.49	1.39	0.306	0.74, 2.62

p < .05. Models control for race/ethnicity, age group, gender, marital status, employment status, and educational attainment. Adjusted R² is McFadden’s Adjusted R².