Table 2.
Close Contacts With Persons With COVID-19 and Practices and Activities In and Outside the Workplace Among Healthcare Personnel (HCP) With SARS-CoV-2 Infection a
| Close Contact, Practice, or Activity | Hospital (N = 1,225) |
Nursing Home (N = 604) | Other Facility (N = 789) | All Facilities (N = 2,625) |
P
Value b |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Close contacts with persons with COVID-19, no. (%) c | |||||
| In any setting | 908 (74.1) | 406 (67.2) | 475 (60.2) | 1,791 (68.2) | .004 |
| In the workplace, with patients with COVID-19 | 541 (44.2) | 305 (50.5) | 164 (20.8) | 1,010 (38.5) | .008 |
| In the workplace, with someone with COVID-19 other than a patient d | 82/554 (14.8) | 44/142 (31.0) | 41/241 (17.0) | 167/937 (17.8) | <.001 |
| Outside the workplace | 349 (28.5) | 51 (8.4) | 270 (34.2) | 670 (25.5) | … |
| With a family member with COVID-19 | 241 (19.7) | 41 (6.8) | 211 (26.7) | 493 (18.8) | <.001 |
| With someone with COVID-19 other than a family member | 120 (9.8) | 11 (1.8) | 64 (8.1) | 195 (7.4) | <.001 |
| In the workplace, no. (%) | |||||
| Always used the following during care of patients with COVID-19: | |||||
| Mask or respirator | 510/541 (94.3) | 276/305 (90.5) | 141/164 (86.0) | 927/1,010 (91.8) | .043 |
| Gloves | 492/541 (90.9) | 268/305 (87.9) | 121/164 (73.8) | 881/1,010 (87.2) | .140 |
| Gown | 387/541 (71.5) | 187/305 (61.3) | 52/164 (31.7) | 626/1,010 (62.0) | .002 |
| Goggles or face shield | 381/541 (70.4) | 191/305 (62.6) | 52/164 (31.7) | 624/1,010 (61.8) | .019 |
| Always cared for patients with COVID-19 who had source control in place e | 116/541 (21.4) | 17/305 (5.6) | 54/164 (32.9) | 187/1,010 (18.5) | <.001 |
| Always practiced social distancing with coworkers in the workplace | 233 (19.0) | 192 (31.8) | 309 (39.2) | 735 (28.0) | <.001 |
| Had a mucous membrane or skin exposure to body fluids from patients with COVID-19 | 55/541 (10.2) | 40/305 (13.1) | 24/164 (14.6) | 119/1,010 (11.8) | .023 |
| Practiced extended use or reuse of a respirator during care of patients with COVID-19 f | 161/205 (78.5) | 34/58 (58.6) | 19/43 (44.2) | 214/306 (69.9) | .002 |
| Always practiced universal masking in the workplace | 986 (80.5) | 498 (82.5) | 589 (74.7) | 2,074 (79.0) | .325 |
| Outside the workplace, no. (%) | |||||
| Attended a mass gathering or gathering with people other than household members | 245 (20.0) | 34 (5.6) | 120 (15.2) | 400 (15.2) | <.001 |
| Traveled domestically or internationally | 223 (18.2) | 29 (4.8) | 109 (13.8) | 362 (13.8) | <.001 |
| Used public or shared transportation | 165 (13.5) | 67 (11.1) | 88 (11.2) | 320 (12.2) | .323 |
| Had close contact with ill person(s) outside of a healthcare facility | 210 (17.1) | 26 (4.3) | 127 (16.1) | 363 (13.8) | <.001 |
With the exception of close contact in any setting, which could have been at any time before HCP interview, other close contacts, practices and activities occurred during the 14 days before or on the day of HCP SARS-CoV-2 infection onset, which was defined as the date of symptom onset or, in asymptomatic HCP, the date of specimen collection for the positive test.
P value calculated with mid-P exact tests for the comparison of percentages of nursing home HCP responding yes or no/not sure/not reported versus hospital HCP responding yes or no/not sure/not reported.
Close contact was defined as (1) being within 2 m of a person with COVID-19 for at least a few minutes (May–August 2020), for ≥15 min (August–November 2020), or for a total of ≥15 min in a 24-h period (after November 9, 2020); (2) having unprotected direct contact with infectious secretions or excretions; or (3) performance or participation in aerosol-generating procedures, regardless of the duration (starting in November 2020).
Added to the HCP interview in August 2020; data were reported from a total of 554 hospital HCP, 142 nursing home HCP, and 241 other facility HCP.
Patients with COVID-19 were considered having source control in place if they were wearing a face mask or cloth face covering or they were under invasive mechanical ventilation during close contact.
Among HCP who reported using a respirator.