Table 4.

Histopathological outcomes in the mistletoe and non-mistletoe groups

Variables	MG (n = 15)	NMG (n = 37)	P-value
Tumor size (cm)	2.5 (0–4.5)	3 (0–7.7)	0.293†
Histologic grade			0.151¶
Well-differentiated	0	1 (2.7)
Moderately differentiated	6 (40.0)	25 (67.6)
Poorly differentiated	1 (6.7)	2 (5.4)
Others	8 (53.3)	9 (24.3)
ypT after NCRT			0.005¶,**
ypT0	8 (53.3)	8 (21.6)
ypT1	0	1 (2.7)
ypT2	5 (33.3)	4 (10.8)
ypT3	2 (13.3)	22 (59.5)
ypT4	0	2 (5.4)
ypN after NCRT			0.161¶
ypN0	13 (86.7)	21 (56.8)
ypN1	2 (13.3)	12 (32.4)
ypN2	0	4 (10.8)
Distal resection margin (cm)	1.5 (0.2–6.0)	2.0 (0.1–5.0)	0.121†
Circumferential resection margin involvement			0.498¶
Yes	1 (6.7)	1 (2.7)
No	14 (93.3)	36 (97.3)
Harvested lymph nodes	13 (1–18)	13 (1–35)	0.255†
Lymphovascular invasion			0.04¶,**
Yes	2 (13.3)	16 (43.2)
No	13 (86.7)	21 (56.8)
Perineural invasion			0.3¶
Yes	2 (13.3)	12 (32.4)
No	13 (86.7)	25 (67.6)

Data are presented as median (range) for continuous variables and n (%) for categorical variables

^†Mann–Whitney test; ^¶chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test; ^**statistical significance (P < 0.05)

MG, mistletoe group; NMG, non-mistletoe group; NCRT, neoadjuvant chemoradiotherapy