Figure 1.

Changes in proliferation, cell cycle, and survival in BY4741 with increased mitochondria DNA exposed to doxorubicin – BY4741 yeast were grown in either YPD or YPG media to induce mitochondrial proliferation prior to exposure to 100 μM doxorubicin. Error bars represent 1 SD. Points marked with the same letter are not significantly different (Tukey’s HSD p < 0.05; N = 3). A) Doxorubicin induced growth arrest in BY4741 yeast grown in glycerol (increased mitochondrial DNA) is significantly greater than BY4741 grown in glucose at 3 and 6 hours exposure B) Changes in budding pattern, an indication of cell-cycle progression, are significantly altered in YPD grown yeast at six hours of exposure to doxorubicin while YPG grown yeast have minimal changes in budding pattern. This correlates with the overall arrest in growth in yeast with abundant mitochondria. Same color bars (bud type) with the same letter are not significantly different between media and time point groups (Tukey’s HSD p < 0.05; n = 3). C) Plating efficiency, a measure of survival or sensitivity after exposure to 100 μM doxorubicin, is significantly lower in BY4741 yeast grow YPG than YPD media