. 2020 Dec 24;5(1):txaa231. doi: 10.1093/tas/txaa231

Table 4.

Concentrations of humoral stress indicators in steers weaned abruptly (A, 237 d age), after 7-d placement of a nose flap prior to weaning (N, 237 d age), or after a delay of 49 d (D, 286 d age) with standard errors (SEM)

Humoral factor	A	N	D	SEM
Cortisol, μg/dL	1.90^a	1.58^a	2.37^b	0.14
Baseline	1.70^a;x	2.07^ab;xy	2.70^b	0.28
Nose clip insertion	2.43^yz	2.25^yz	n/a	0.21
Nose clip + 2 d	2.56^z	2.41^z	n/a	0.21
Weaning day	1.84^xy	1.54^xy	1.93	0.28
Weaning + 2 d	1.90^ab;xyz	1.30^a;x	2.43^b	0.28
Weaning + 7 d	2.17^ab;xyz	1.43^a;x	2.44^b	0.28
Haptoglobin, mg/dL	4.26^b	5.59^b	0.29^a	0.88
Baseline	8.73^b;z	9.21^b;z	3.57^a;y	1.73
Nose clip insertion	7.89^z	7.53^y,z	n/a	1.73
Noseclip + 2 d	5.32^y,z	6.61^y,z	n/a	1.73
Weaning day	1.80^x,y	1.21^x	ND* ^x,y	1.83
Weaning + 2 d	4.88^b;x,y	7.04^b;y,z	ND^a;x	1.83
Weaning + 7 d	1.61^a,x	4.81^b;x,y	0.92^a;x,y	1.73

^a,bValues without common superscripts differ between treatments within time (P < 0.05).

^x,y,zValues without common superscripts differ between times within treatments (P < 0.05).

*ND: not detectable.