Table 1.

Summaries of major gut microbiota involved in pancreatic diseases.

Reference	Sample number	Species	Sample	Disease states vs control	Bacterial population evaluation	Increased bacterial population	Decreased bacterial population
Roesch et al. [23]	10/10	Rats	Feces	T1D vs normal	16S rRNA sequencing	Bacteroides, Eubacterium, Ruminococcus	Lactobacillus, Bryantella, Bifidobacterium, Turicibacter
Hu et al. [134]	39T1D/24 normal	Mouse	Feces	Pre-T1D vs normal		Gram-negative, Gram-positive	Bacteroidetes Erysipelotrichaceae
Leiva-Gea et al. [37]	15T1D/13 normal	Human	Feces	T1D vs normal	16S rRNA sequencing	Bacteroides, Ruminococcus, Veillonella, Blautia, Streptococcus	Bifidobacterium, Roseburia, Faecalibacterium, Lachnospira
Murri et al. [36]	16T1D/16 normal	Human	Feces	T1D vs normal	PCR-DGGE and RT-qPCR	Clostridium, Bacteroides, Veillonella	Lactobacillus, Bifidobacterium, Blautia coccoides/Eubacterium rectale, Prevotella
de Goffau et al. [39]	18T1D/18 normal	Human	Feces	T1D vs normal	16S rRNA sequencing	Bacteroides	Bifidobacterium adolescentis, Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum
Giongo et al. [38]	4T1D/4 normal	Human	Feces	T1D vs normal	16S rRNA sequencing	Bacteroides ovatus	Firmicutes
Davis- Richardson et al. [135]	29T1D/47 normal	Human	Feces	T1D vs normal	16S rRNA sequencing	Bacteroides dorei, Bacteroides vulgatus	NA
Huang et al. [42]	12T1D/10 normal	Human	Feces	T1D vs normal	16S rRNA sequencing	Bacteroidetes	Firmicutes
Zhu et al. [14]	41MAP/59MSAP/30SAP/35 normal	Human	Feces	SAP vs MAP and MSAP	16S rRNA sequencing	Escherichia-Shigella	Blautia
Zhang et al. [136]	45AP/44 normal	Human	Feces	AP vs normal	16S rRNA sequencing	Bacteroidetes, Proteobacteria	Firmicutes, Actinobacteria
Tan et al. [78]	32MAP//44SAP/32 normal	Human	Feces	AP vs normal	PCR-DGGE and RT-qPCR	Enterobacteriaceae, Enterococcus	Bifidobacterium
Chen et al. [65]	20 AP/20 normal	Rats	Feces	AP vs normal	16S rRNA sequencing	Escherichia-Shigella, Phascolarctobacterium	Saccharibacteria, Tenericutes
Han et al. [92]	8CP/8 normal	Mouse	Colon feces	CP vs normal	16S rRNA sequencing	Bacteroides, Alloprevotella	Lachnospiraceae_NK4A136, Ruminiclostridium, Roseburia
Zhou et al. [100]	71CP/69 normal	Human	Feces	CP vs normal	16S rRNA sequencing	Proteobacteria	Firmicutes, Actinobacteria
Jandhyala et al. [104]	30CP/10 normal	Human	Feces	CP vs normal	16S rRNA sequencing	Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes	Faecalibacterium prausnitzii, Ruminococcus bromii
Gorovits et al. [137]	96 CP	Human	Feces	CP vs normal	gas-liquid chromatography analysis	Enterobacter, Proteus, Klebsiella, Morganella	Bifidobacterium, Lactobacillus
Farrell et al. [115]	27CP/28 normal	Human	Oral	CP vs normal	qPCR	Streptococcus mitis	Granulicatella adiacens
Michaud et al. [138]	405PC/416 normal	Human	Plasma	PC vs normal	Antibiotics to oral bacteria	Porphyromonas gingivalis	Streptococcus mitis
Fan et al. [139]	361/371 normal	Human	Oral	PC vs normal	16S rRNA sequencing	Porphyromonas gingivalis, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans	Fusobacteria, Leptotrichia
Torres et al. [140]	8PC/22 normal	Human	Oral	PC vs normal	16S rRNA sequencing	Leptotrichia, Bacteroides,	Porphyromonas gingivalis, Neisseria elongate, Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans
Half et al. [141]	15PC/15 normal	Human	Feces	PC vs normal	16S rRNA sequencing	Bacteroides Verrucomicrobia, Sutterella, Veillonella, Bacteroides, Odoribacter and Akkermansia	Firmicutes, Actinobacteria
Lin et al. [142]	13PC/12 normal	Human	Oral	PC vs normal	16S rRNA sequencing	Bacteroides	Corynebacterium
Farrell et al. [115]	38PC /38 normal	Human	Oral	PC vs normal	16S microarray	Granulicatella adiacens	Neisseria elongate, Streptococcus mitis
Ren et al. [129]	85PC/57 normal	Human	Feces	PC vs normal	16S rRNA sequencing	Bacteroidetes	Firmicutes, Proteobacteria

T1D type 1 diabetes, AP acute pancreatitis, MAP mild acute pancreatitis, MSAP moderately severe AP, SAP severe acute pancreatitis, CP chronic pancreatitis, PC pancreatic cancer, qPCR real-time quantitative PCR, SAP severe acute pancreatitis.