Figure 2.
TRIM proteins regulate p53. (A) TRIM proteins that interact with p53 and directly regulate p53. TRIM23, TRIM24, TRIM31, TRIM32, TRIM39, TRIM59, TRIM69, and TRIM71 negatively regulate p53 through binding to and ubiquitinating p53, whereas TRIM19 (PML), TRIM67 and TRIML2 bind to and positively regulate p53. In addition, TRIM29 binds to and sequesters p53 in the cytoplasm to negatively regulate p53. (B) TRIM proteins that indirectly regulate p53 through regulating upstream p53 regulators. Through modulating the regulators for p53, TRIM3, TRIM8, TRIM13, and TRIM19 positively regulate p53, whereas TRIM21, TRIM25, TRIM28, and TRIM29 negatively regulate p53.