TABLE 2.
Therapeutic peptides applied in IBD treatment.
| Therapeutic peptides applied for IBD treatment | ||
| Name | Mechanism for IBD | Delivery approach |
| KPV (Dalmasso et al., 2008) | Interaction with PepT1 | Oral |
| VIP (Lakhan and Kirchgessner, 2010; Dulari et al., 2020) | Modulates the immune system by binding to two G-protein-coupled VIP receptor | Oral |
| Cortistatin (Gonzalez-Rey et al., 2006) | Binding to receptor for the growth hormone secretagogue ghrelin | Intrarectal |
| Ac2-26 (Li et al., 2019) | Inhibitor of NF-κB | Oral delivery |
| GLP-2 (Ivory et al., 2008) | Inhibiting ERK1/2, JNK1/2, NF-κB signaling pathways, and SOCS in STAT-3 signaling | Subcutaneous |
| WKYMVm (Kim et al., 2013) | Inhibit the production of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α and interleukin (IL)-1β | Subcutaneous |
| Cathelicidin (Koon et al., 2011) | Toll-like receptor | Intracolonic |
| Adrenomedullin (Ashizuka et al., 2013) | Downregulation of inflammatory cytokines | NA |
| Tyr-Pro-D-Ala-NH2–DI-1 (Salaga et al., 2018) | Regulate GLP-2 level | Intracolonic |