Table 1.
Characteristics of the studies included in the systematic review.
| Reference | Catchment area | Data source | Study population | Study drugs | Study years | Study design | IR per 10,000 PYs [95%CI] |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Non-melanoma skin cancer | |||||||
| 29 | California (USA) | Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) | All KPNC members aged ≥ 18 years, diagnosed with psoriasis between 1998 and 2011 and treated with a systemic antipsoriatic agent | Adalimumab, etanercept, infliximab, ustekinumab | 1998-2011 | Retrospective cohort study | 120 [98-143] |
| 30 | USA | US Truven MarketScan database | Patients with moderate to severe PsA, defined by ≥1 inpatient or ≥2 outpatient 696.0 diagnosis codes on 2 unique calendar days | Adalimumab, etanercept, infliximab, apremilast | 2010-2015 | Clinical trial and real-world data comparison | 149.3 [116.5-182.0] |
| 31 | United Kingdom | British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register + National cancer and death registers | All patients diagnosed with PsA starting a TNF-inhibitor and registered in the British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register | Etanercept, adalimumab, infliximab | 2002-2012 | Retrospective cohort study | N.A. |
| 32 | USA | Market-Scan® database and Medicare | Patients with a diagnosis of psoriasis, with the first outpatient qualifying ICD-9 CM code | Etanercept Adalimumab Infiximab |
2005-2009 | Retrospective cohort study | 185.8 [160.2-211.42] |
| 33 | USA, Canada, Germany, France, Czech Republic, Greece, Netherlands, Spain, UK, Austria, Denmark, Ireland, Sweden | ESPRIT Registry | Patients aged ≥ 18 years of age with chronic plaque psoriasis who had been prescribed adalimumab | Adalimumab | 2008-2015 | Prospective cohort study | 62 [52-72] |
| 34 | Canada | OBSERVE-5 surveillance registry | Adult patients with moderate to severe psoriasis initiating etanercept | Etanercept | 2006-2012 | Prospective cohort study | 125 [60-240] |
| 34 | USA | OBSERVE-5 surveillance registry |
Adult patients with moderate to severe psoriasis initiating etanercept | Etanercept | 2006-2012 | Prospective cohort study | 262 [220-310] |
| 35 | Germany | The German Psoriasis Registry PsoBest | Adult patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis at the time point of a new drug to be started | TNF-α inhibitors | 2008-2012 | Prospective cohort study | 38 [12-90] |
| 35 | Germany | The German Psoriasis Registry PsoBest | Adult patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis at the time point of a new drug to be started | Ustekinumab | 2008-2012 | Prospective cohort study | 24 [10-136] |
| 36 | The Netherlands | Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre pharmacovigilance registry |
Patients starting biological treatment for psoriasis in the Dermatology outpatient clinic of the Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre | Etanercept, adalimumab, infliximab, ustekinumab | 2005-2010 | Prospective cohort study | N.A. |
| Melanoma | |||||||
| 29 | California (USA) | Kaiser Permanente Northern California (KPNC) | All KPNC members aged ≥ 18 years old, diagnosed with psoriasis between 1998 and 2011 and treated with a systemic antipsoriatic agent | Adalimumab, etanercept, infliximab, ustekinumab | 1998-2011 | Retrospective cohort study | 8 [3-14] |
| 31 | United Kingdom | British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register + National cancer and death registers | All patients diagnosed with PsA starting a TNF-inhibitor and registered in the British Society for Rheumatology Biologics Register | Etanercept, adalimumab, infliximab | 2002-2012 | Retrospective cohort study | NA |
| 37 | America and Europe | Psoriasis Longitudinal Assessment and Registry (PSOLAR) |
Patients aged ≥ 18 years with moderate-to-severe psoriasis who were receiving, or were candidates to receive, systemic therapy | TNF-α inhibitors | 2007-2015 | Nested case-control study | NA |
| 37 | America and Europe | Psoriasis Longitudinal Assessment and Registry (PSOLAR) |
Patients aged ≥ 18 years with moderate-to-severe psoriasis who were receiving, or were candidates to receive, systemic therapy | Ustekinumab | 2007-2015 | Nested case-control study | NA |
| 38 | USA, Canada, Germany, France, Czech Republic, Greece, Netherlands, Spain, UK, Austria, Denmark, Ireland, Sweden | ESPRIT Registry | Patients aged ≥ 18 years of age with chronic plaque psoriasis who had been prescribed adalimumab | Adalimumab | 2008-2013 | Prospective cohort study | 5 [3-10] |
| 35 | Germany | PsoBest Registry | Adult patients with moderate-to-severe psoriasis at the time point of a new drug to be started | Adalimumab, etanercept, infliximab | 2008-2012 | Prospective cohort study | 8 [0-43] |
ICD-9 CM: international classification of diseases, 9th revision, clinical modification; IR, incidence rate; NA, not available; PsA, psoriatic arthritis; PYs, person-years; SIR, standardized incidence ratio; TNF, tumor necrosis factor; UK, United Kingdom; USA, United States of America.