Table 1. Area Characteristics of ZCTAs With and Without Long-term Care Facilities.
| Characteristic | ZCTA | P value | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| With LTC | Without LTC | Overall | ||
| No. | 8652 | 24 468 | 33 120 | |
| Age, ≥65 y, mean (SD), % | 15.61 (6.38) | 16.12 (11.11) | 15.99 (10.08) | <.001 |
| Sex, mean (SD), % | ||||
| Female | 51.00 (3.02) | 49.59 (6.75) | 49.97 (6.03) | <.001 |
| Race, mean (SD), % | ||||
| White | 79.94 (20.53) | 85.73 (20.68) | 84.20 (20.80) | <.001 |
| African American | 10.59 (17.55) | 6.54 (15.33) | 7.61 (16.05) | <.001 |
| Asian | 2.91 (5.79) | 1.56 (4.85) | 1.91 (5.15) | <.001 |
| Others | 6.56 (8.55) | 6.17 (12.8) | 6.27 (11.88) | .008 |
| Ethnicity, mean (SD), % | ||||
| Hispanic | 10.79 (16.30) | 7.68 (16.23) | 8.50 (16.30) | <.001 |
| Education, mean (SD), % | ||||
| Less than high school | 14.73 (8.80) | 15.37 (12.12) | 15.19 (11.38) | <.001 |
| High school | 31.50 (9.59) | 35.71 (14.08) | 34.60 (13.18) | <.001 |
| Any college or higher | 53.77 (14.72) | 48.92 (18.62) | 50.20 (17.80) | <.001 |
| Married, mean (SD), % | 50.72 (10.40) | 55.11 (15.45) | 53.96 (14.42) | <.001 |
| House owner, mean (SD), % | 68.43 (14.66) | 76.66 (17.71) | 74.48 (17.34) | <.001 |
| Medicaid enrollment, mean (SD), % | 14.60 (8.52) | 13.48 (14.06) | 13.77 (12.86) | <.001 |
| Median household income, mean (SD), $ | 51 971 (20 286) | 51 022 (22 585) | 51 277 (21 996) | <.001 |
| Population size, No. (%) | ||||
| <1000 | 174 (2.01) | 9939 (40.62) | 10 113 (30.53) | <.001 |
| 1000-9999 | 2863 (33.09) | 10 592 (43.29) | 13 455 (40.63) | |
| ≥10 000 | 5615 (64.90) | 3937 (16.09) | 9552 (28.84) | |
| Area, No. (%) | ||||
| Urban | 3313 (38.29) | 4315 (17.64) | 7628 (23.03) | <.001 |
| Rural | 5339 (61.71) | 20 153 (82.36) | 25 492 (76.97) | |
| Census division, No. (%) | ||||
| New England | 493 (5.70) | 1338 (5.47) | 1831 (5.53) | <.001 |
| Middle Atlantic | 956 (11.05) | 3231 (13.21) | 4187 (12.64) | |
| East North Central | 1597 (18.46) | 3519 (14.38) | 5116 (15.45) | |
| West North Central | 1357 (15.68) | 3519 (14.38) | 4876 (14.72) | |
| South Atlantic | 1256 (14.52) | 3884 (15.87) | 5140 (15.52) | |
| East South Central | 615 (7.11) | 1847 (7.55) | 2462 (7.43) | |
| West South Central | 1159 (13.40) | 2530 (10.34) | 3689 (11.14) | |
| Mountain | 422 (4.88) | 2156 (8.81) | 2578 (7.78) | |
| Pacific | 797 (9.21) | 2444 (9.99) | 3241 (9.79) | |
| Older single-occupancy household, No. (%)a | ||||
| Quartile 1: <30.77% | 840 (9.72) | 7351 (30.58) | 8191 (25.07) | <.001 |
| Quartile 2: 30.77%-36.69% | 1607 (18.60) | 6541 (27.21) | 8148 (24.93) | |
| Quartile 3: 36.70%-42.39% | 2784 (32.23) | 5386 (22.41) | 8170 (25.00) | |
| Quartile 4: >42.39% | 3408 (39.45) | 4761 (19.81) | 8169 (25.00) | |
Abbreviations: LTC, long-term care; ZCTA, zip code tabulation area.
a
Households with a single resident aged 65 years or older. The number of ZCTAs with a missing age value was 442.