Table 2. Odds Ratio of Having Long-term Care Facilities in Zip Code Tabulation Areaa .
| Variableb | OR (95% CI) | P value |
|---|---|---|
| Age, ≥65 y | 1.060 (1.054-1.065) | <.001 |
| Female | 1.040 (1.031-1.050) | <.001 |
| Race | ||
| White | 0.994 (0.990-0.999) | .02 |
| African American | 0.996 (0.991-1.001) | .10 |
| Asian | 1.006 (0.998-1.015) | .16 |
| Ethnicity | ||
| Hispanic | 1.005 (1.002-1.008) | .003 |
| Education | ||
| Less than high school | 1.010 (1.004-1.015) | .001 |
| High school | 1.002 (0.998-1.007) | .35 |
| Married | 0.993 (0.988-0.998) | .009 |
| House owner | 0.987 (0.983-0.990) | <.001 |
| Medicaid enrollment | 0.992 (0.988-0.997) | .001 |
| Median household incomec | 1.012 (1.009-1.015) | <.001 |
| Total population No. | ||
| <1000 | 1 [Reference] | |
| 1000-9999 | 39.565 (32.313-48.445) | <.001 |
| ≥10 000 | 335.570 (269.619-417.653) | <.001 |
| Area | ||
| Urban | 1.827 (1.647-2.027) | <.001 |
| Rural | 1 [Reference] | |
| Census division | ||
| New England | 1 [Reference] | |
| Middle Atlantic | 0.634 (0.516-0.780) | <.001 |
| East North Central | 1.513 (1.246-1.839) | <.001 |
| West North Central | 2.851 (2.335-3.481) | <.001 |
| South Atlantic | 0.723 (0.592-0.883) | .001 |
| East South Central | 1.104 (0.884-1.379) | .38 |
| West South Central | 1.877 (1.528-2.305) | <.001 |
| Mountain | 0.831 (0.657-1.052) | .12 |
| Pacific | 0.597 (0.476-0.749) | <.001 |
| Quartile of older single-occupancy household prevalenced | ||
| 1: <30.77% | 1 [Reference] | |
| 2: 30.77%-36.69% | 2.332 (2.087-2.605) | <.001 |
| 3: 36.70%-42.39% | 4.976 (4.438-5.580) | <.001 |
| 4: >42.39% | 8.475 (7.444-9.648) | <.001 |
| Constant | 0.000 (0.000-0.001) | <.001 |
Abbreviations: OR, odds ratio; ZCTA, zip code tabulation area.
a
Table data based on generalized estimating equation regression, controlled for covariates.
b
ORs were calculated per percentage point increase in each variable.
c
ORs were calculated per $1000 increase.
d
Households with a resident aged at least 65 years or older in which they live alone. Each one-fourth of ZCTAs were one of the categories: quartile 1 (n = 8191), quartile 2 (n = 8148), quartile 3 (n = 8170), and quartile 4 (n = 8169).