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. 2021 May 6;30(8):1244–1253. doi: 10.1177/09612033211013898

Table 2.

Plasma osteopontin levels related to background variables, traditional risk factors, laboratory tests and pharmacotherapy in the univariate regression model of SLE cases with subgroups compared to healthy controls.


All SLE(n = 60)

Controls(n = 60)

LN(n = 20)

APS(n = 20)

Skin and jointn = 20)
Variables B P B P B P B P B P
Background variables
Age 0.89 0.73 –0.07 0.67 0.55 0.13 –0.54 0.33 0.17 0.59
Female gender 8.20 0.33 3.62 0.51 –3.57 0.78 9.21 0.55 –6.05 0.72
Duration of SLE 0.63 0.04 0 0 0.43 0.36 0.77 0.15 0.70 0.23
SDI score 9.74 <0.001 0 0 9.20 0.02 10.30 0.02 –6.20 0.42
SLEDAI-2K 2.71 0.05 0 0 –0.27 0.91 2.60 0.35 4.53 0.005
Traditional risk factors and laboratory data
BMI (kg/m2) 0.37 0.59 –0.28 0.61 0.92 0.42 –0.37 0.83 –0.71 0.33
Ever smoker (former or current) 0.83 0.90 0 0 2.35 0.80 –7.21 0.64 6.13 0.47
Systolic blood pressure 0.23 0.21 0.19 0.17 0.48 0.02 0.02 0.95 0.15 0.57
Diastolic blood pressure 0.27 0.32 0.16 0.48 0.40 0.20 0.13 0.85 0.20 0.62
Raynaud’s phenomenon 12.37 0.05 –7.85 0.12 3.21 0.80 17.76 0.19 6.90 0.37
eGFR –0.07 0.69 0 0 0.12 0.61 –0.45 0.35 0.01 0.95
Total cholesterol 1.94 0.50 –0.28 0.86 2.01 0.61 –3.17 0.69 4.08 0.21
High-density lipoprotein (HDL) 6.73 0.32 1.37 0.76 7.33 0.46 –4.31 0.74 19.15 0.06
Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) –0.81 0.81 –0.40 0.83 –1.71 0.70 –3.30 0.74 3.57 0.38
Triglycerides (TG) 4.40 0.27 –1.50 0.63 11.45 0.06 0.70 0.92 0.70 0.94
hsCRP 2.16 0.03 0.19 0.71 1.66 0.59 4.10 0.03 –0.51 0.66
Medical treatment, ongoing
Antimalarial agents –1.73 0.86 N/A N/A NE NE –0.33 0.98 12.57 0.30
Glucocorticoid therapy 4.98 0.38 N/A N/A 12.73 0.08 3.45 0.80 3.50 0.63
Warfarin therapy 22.0 0.002 N/A N/A 9.15 0.60 18.90 0.14 NE NE
Antiplatelet therapy –6.60 0.37 N/A N/A 4.67 0.59 –26.0 0.06 NE NE
Statin therapy 7.50 0.47 N/A N/A –18.62 0.27 5.43 0.74 NE NE
DMARD therapy –1.76 0.76 N/A N/A –4.75 0.53 –6.01 0.65 1.69 0.82

APS: antiphospholipid syndrome; BMI: body mass index; CRP: C-reactive protein; DMARDs: disease modifying anti-rheumatic drugs; LN: lupus nephritis; N/A: not applicable; NE: Not estimated; SDI: SLICC/ACR damage index; SLE: systemic lupus erythematosus. Note: Statistically significant associations shown in bold.