Table 5.
In vivo protocols used for testing the activity of new dressings
| Antimicrobial | Model | Bacterial target | Study aim | Reference |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Chlorhexidine | ||||
| CHG | pig | MRSA | bacterial recovery after application of CHG dressing <1.7 log10 cfu/g tissue after 3 days compared with 4.2 log10 cfu/g tissue with the placebo and 3.2 log10 cfu/g tissue with the gauze | 215 |
| mice | — | wound healing | 198 | |
| 0.5% CHX | rat | P. aeruginosa | wound healing | 212 |
| 0.5% CHX | rat | A. baumannii | systemic infection, and bacterial recovery | 216 |
| CHG/chitosan | mice | — | wound healing | 196 |
| Iodine | ||||
| PVI antiseptic | rat | P. aeruginosa | systemic infection, and bacterial recovery | 220 |
| PVI 3% in polyurethane foam dressing | rat | — | wound healing | 213 |
| cadexomer iodine | pig | P. aeruginosa | bacterial recovery | 207 |
| Silver | ||||
| silver sulfadiazine 1% | rat | P. aeruginosa | wound healing | 212 |
| silver-coated dressing | rat | P. aeruginosa | wound healing | 212 |
| calcium alginate– nanocrystalline silver | pig | P. aeruginosa | bacterial recovery | 207 |
| cotton gauze–silver sulphate | pig | P. aeruginosa | bacterial recovery | 207 |
| hydrocolloid–silver | pig | P. aeruginosa | bacterial recovery | 207 |
| polyacrylate–silver chloride | pig | P. aeruginosa | bacterial recovery | 207 |
| ActicoatTM | rat | A. baumannii | systemic infection, and bacterial recovery | 216 |
| silver sulfadiazine 1% | rat | A. baumannii | systemic infection, and bacterial recovery | 216 |
| silver sulfadiazine | rat | — | wound healing | 205 |
| silver sulfadiazine/ silver nitrate | rat | — | wound healing—skin prepared with PVI and ethanol | 192 |
| AgNPs | rat | S. aureus | bacterial recovery and wound healing | 211 |
| AgNPs/silver sulfadiazine | rat | — | wound healing | 200 |
| silver-based dressings | mice | MRSA, carbapenem-resistant P. aeruginosa, carbapenem-resistant A. baumannii | bacterial recovery and wound healing | 218 |
| keratin biomaterial containing AgNPs | mice | — | wound healing | 193 |
| polihexanide antiseptic | rat | P. aeruginosa | systemic infection, and bacterial recovery | 220 |
| OCT | ||||
| OCT | rat | P. aeruginosa | systemic infection, and bacterial recovery | 220 |
| Honey | ||||
| calcium alginate Leptospermum honey | pig | P. aeruginosa | bacterial recovery | 207 |
| Leptospermum honey | pig | P. aeruginosa | bacterial recovery | 207 |
| Melipona scutellaris honey | rat | MRSA ATTC43300 | wound healing and bacterial recovery | 217 |
| chestnut honey-impregnated CMC hydrogel | mice | — | wound healing | 195 |
| Medihoney medical grade honey | rat | — | wound healing | 218 |
CHX, chlorhexidine acetate; CMC, carboxymethyl cellulose.